Political Divorce--Russia essays

Saudi Oil and Global Economic

Saudi Arabia is one of the most evolved nations in the Arab world, after United Arab Emirates. The security of Saudi economy is exclusively reliant on its oil industry. This suggests the greater part of her riches has been earned from her exchange oil and other oil based commodities. This paper will concentrate on how the creation of oil can influence the world economy. This is a result of the considerable number of volumes delivered in the entire world; a large portion of it originates from this Arabian country.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Saudi Oil and Global Economic explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yizraeli contends that there are numerous nations that produce oil, including the US and other European nations, yet the most elevated yield is gotten from Saudi Arabia (58). Before the oil emergency that occurred in 1973, the oil business was overwhelmed by western nations, yet when the emergency finished, Saudi Arabia profited the most on the grounds that it has exceptionally huge volumes of oil in its fields. The effects of oil creation in Saudi Arabia must be comprehended after one comprehends the significance of oil on the planet. Oil is a type of vitality that is utilized in many ventures to control types of gear, for example, in the agribusiness and transport parts. Actually, industrialization would not have been acknowledged without oil since it was the most solid wellspring of vitality in those days. Right now, the economy of Saudi Arabia depends on oil creation, yet an arrangement is in the pipeline to broaden this economy so that other monetary exercises, for example, horticulture will likewise be fused in the economy. One is left to think about whether this activity is important, taking into account that the volume of oil creation of Saudi Arabia has been on the upward pattern since 1997.With this idea at the top of the priority list the world anticipates that the economy should stay stable because of the expansion in oil creation (Cordesman 465). The previously mentioned activity has been actuated by the adjustments in the oil advertise where the oil is in danger of being supplanted by different wellsprings of vitality, for example, atomic and environmentally friendly power vitality. The need of creating elective wellspring of vitality has been provoked by universal bodies that contend that oil effectsly affects the condition that could cause an Earth-wide temperature boost because of the harmfulness of carbon dioxide that is transmitted during burning of oil items (Yizraeli 59). In light of ecological concerns, the world is now falling back on utilize environmentally friendly power vitality since it doesn't have any hurtful impacts on the earth. Moreover, environmentally friendly power vitality can never be depleted contrasted with oil stores. Notwithstanding, Mason declares that the move from the utilization of oil is a slow one and if Saudi Arabia was to lessen its investment in the oil exchange, there would be an exceptionally huge hole in the worldwide economy brought about by her activity. This is on the grounds that it is evaluated that 25% of oil saves are in Saudi Arabia and this is a major edge that can't be smothered by the other significant oil creating countries.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The exit of Saudi Arabia from the oil market would make the worldwide economy decrease. This is because of the way that the gracefully of oil would be next to no contrasted with the regularly developing interest of vitality. This incident would make the cost of oil climb and just the nations that produce it in enormous volume would profit. Be that as it may, this situation is a long way from being experienced in light of the fact that its theorized that Saudi’s predominance of the oil market will end in future. This is on the grou nds that new oil stores have just been found in different nations, for example, Iraq and West African nations, for example, Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria (Yizraeli 59). In the event that the creation of oil was expanded because of development of new oil makers, the cost of oil on the planet would descend. This contention can be best clarified by examining the ideas of interest and gracefully, which are utilized to decide product costs. The expansion in oil creation would make ventures increment and consequently, the world economy would balance out. Over the most recent couple of decades, Saudi has kept on affecting the world economy by ordering the costs at which oil will be exchanged. Nonetheless, mechanical progression has reached end this period of Saudi sway in the oil showcase. This is on the grounds that in the past there was no solid innovation that could be utilized to find oil fields, however these days a similar innovation has been created to suit our requiremen ts; that is the reason more oil fields are being found each other day. Besides, absence of innovation ruined the investigation of oil fields, however innovation has just repaired that hole since it has made it conceivable to get to zones that couldn't be abused. Subsequently, there is decrease in the expense of extricating normal assets. Moreover, the western countries are the significant purchasers of oil and Saudi has adjusted itself to turn into the lasting provider of oil to these countries. Be that as it may, as indicated by Cordesman, this present position is liable to time in light of the fact that as more current wellsprings of oil keep on being found, the opposition for clients will solidify (465). It is sure that Saudi Arabia will free its predominance in the oil showcase, however then again, it will keep on being a compelling component in the worldwide economy. This is on the grounds that the new oil fields will require a great deal of time to build up themselves as depen dable oil sources in light of the fact that the greater part of these unexploited fields lie in war torn territories. The issue of weakness should be comprehended before hand to make a great situation for the mining procedure to commence.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Saudi Oil and Global Economic explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is a likelihood that the US won't be permitted to wander into the oil exchange Iraq and Iran because of the defects that exist between the three gatherings. This suggests different individuals from G8 nations should join their endeavors to separate oil from these two countries. In such a case Saudi Arabia oil will stay kept in the Asian mainland. Taking everything into account, Saudi Arabia should survey its oil costs for it to adapt to the rising patterns. Truth be told, the climb in oil costs is the thing that has prompted most countries to go for elective wellsprings of vitality. A great many people feel that the issue of contamination is the significant benefactor towards this move, yet this isn't accurate in light of the fact that most makers have ensured that their items that are controlled by oil based goods combust it to a greatness that lone limited quantities of carbon are radiated. Works Cited Cordesman, Anthony. Saudi Arabia Enters Twenty First Century. Westport: CT: Greenwood Publishing, 2003. Print. Artisan, Rowena. Saudi Arabia Worried High Prices Will Hit Global Economy. The Telegraph. 26 Apr. 2011. Web. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/account/oilprices/8473411/Saudi-Arabia-stressed high-oil-costs will-hit-worldwide economy.html Yizraeli, Sarah. â€Å"How Important is Saudi Oil?† The Middle East Quarterly 2.1 (2000): 57-64. Print. This exposition on Saudi Oil and Global Economic was composed and presented by client Sp1der-Ham to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Corporate Sustainability Management Management Preventative

Question: Depict about the Corporate Sustainability Management for Management Preventative. Answer: Week One Issue Management Issue the board is a protection, key administration practice in associations that causes them to recognize and counter suitably to rising patterns and changes. Associations make these strides remembering that these patterns and adjustments can whenever fit as a fiddle of an issue and posture dangers to or cause inconvenience for open and partners (Cmd.act.gov.au 2016). Linkage to reality: In 1994, Texacos six workers documented a claim against organization for racial separation. The organization rapidly gives an open conciliatory sentiment and suspended the perpretators. They even visited all branches and by and by apologized to all representatives. Emergency Management Emergency the executives is the way toward overseeing and taking care of abrupt and surprising occasions that emerges and upsets representatives in an association, just as outside partners. It gets ready people and the association to confront unanticipated turns of events and troublesome circumstances at the working environment with certainty and assurance. It likewise helps with modifying appropriately to the abrupt changes in the association (Alas and Gao 2012). Linkage to reality: Richard Bransons celebrated emergency the executives on the occasion of Virgin Galactics practice run crash is an unrivaled model. He raced to the accident site, demonstrated his sympathy, assurance on finding the basic reason for the occurrence and kept submitting completely to business air voyaging. Week Two Business Ethics The ethical standards, that immediate organizations and people in those organizations on the most proficient method to carry on, go under the domain of business morals. Business morals implies having the information to separate between what is correct and what's up and afterward making the correct move. At present, most organizations have their own business standards and strategies to set the basic beliefs and practices for the representatives to follow (Weiss 2014). Linkage to reality: Every one of our directors at office lead standard gatherings with colleagues to make them mindful about any unfortunate behavior they have told and the best way to determine that. Along these lines, everybody knows about how to carry on at the workplace, what's going on and what to keep away from. Models of Management Ethics The executives morals are of three kinds: Unethical administration a training without moral qualities and dynamic restriction to moral standards Moral administration a work on affirming to elevated expectations of moral direct Irreverent administration purposeful lead that doesn't mull over moral variables and accidental direct that is languid about moral behaviors at the working environment. Linkage to reality: At my work environment, a large portion of the chiefs and other senior level administration practice moral administration rehearses. They ensure their lead towards their subordinates or equivalents are moral and withstanding the standards of the association. Week Three Transnational Economy Transnational Economy is the articulation utilized for depicting the new loosened up commercial center. These business sectors go past national limits, includes people and organizations of various nationalities, and work development and capital stream happens globally. Current organizations are intrigued and endeavor to venture into created showcases and be a pioneer there (Nollert 2015). Linkage to reality: American combination General Electric is one of the greatest case of a transnational partnership. It holds the most resources abroad than some other firm on the planet practically 70% of its aggregate. The greater part of their work power works outside America. Debasement In an association, when the individuals who are in places of intensity like supervisors, carry on in a deceptive way, the lead is regarded as defilement. It incorporates giving or tolerating promptings or incompetent endowments, under-the-table arrangements, illegal tax avoidance and beguiling financial specialists. Various ventures experience various types of debasement (Nyberg and Wright 2013). Linkage to reality: Reports were discharged about the defilement pervasive in the Department of Immigration with regards to a few visa cases being overlooked, and many were at that point allowed visa without legitimate examination. Examinations uncovered accommodation of bogus capabilities or fake degrees from renowned colleges. Week Four Campaigning Campaigning is the demonstration of attempting to control business administrators and government pioneers into proposing, passing, making or changing enactments and doing exercises that would help a specific association, gathering, industry or a people interests. The Australian Government has a Lobbying Code of Conduct to guarantee straightforwardness, trustworthiness and genuineness (Lobbyists.pmc.gov.au 2016). Linkage to reality: In 2010, after Prime Minister Kevin Rudd reported that an asset duty would be actualized, a gigantic campaigning effort began to prevent the law from turning out to be law. Lobbyists were employed to develop the crusades. Hostile to burden repulsiveness stories were spilled to journalists and radio broadcasts. They did everything conceivable to stop section of the law. Alliance Building Alliance building is the procedure or demonstration of developing a temporary collusion or working together between gatherings (people, organizations, countries) for accomplishing a typical target or for taking part in a joint action. The development of these gatherings of comparable standards, interests and points licenses individuals to combine their advantages and transform into a substance more impressive than what they were separated from everyone else. Linkage to reality: In my organization, I have consistently observed occurrences of alliance working for any undertaking or any event or occasion. Consistently all the representatives partake in a between division rivalry, during Christmas, of designing our workspace in the most ideal manner conceivable. All the individuals mutually contribute with their individual thoughts and help in enrichments. Week Five Biodiversity Biodiversity is alluded to the assortment of every living being including various plants, creatures or microorganisms. It additionally involves the hereditary data these living bodies hold and the bionetwork they structure. It is commonly considered in three distinct manners hereditary decent variety, species assorted variety and bionetwork assorted variety. These three levels team up for crating the complexity of life on Earth (Australianmuseum.net.au 2016). Linkage to reality: As a person and a living body, I am a piece of the bionetwork. Each angle in my encompassing trade offs of types of various kind. At the point when I move into an alternate biological system the species variety changes, giving that our environment is quite various. Week Six Corporate Philanthropy Corporate generosity is the activity taken by an enterprise or a business for supporting the government assistance of others or foundations, for the most part with the guide of channels like assets or beneficent gifts, some of the time even with time and ability. The gifts are either taken care of straightforwardly by the enterprise or by any different establishment built up by the firm itself (Morris 2013). Linkage to reality: Apple Inc is a magnificent case of corporate generosity. Their CEO Tim Cook presented a coordinating blessing program. Consistently they coordinate endowments up to $10,000 contributed by full-time workers. They additionally offer a volunteer award program in which they give awards to on benefit associations for representatives to consistently chip in. References Too bad, R. furthermore, Gao, J., 2012. Prologue to Crisis Management. InCrisis Management in Chinese Organizations(pp. 1-8). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Australianmuseum.net.au. 2016. What is biodiversity? - Australian Museum. [online] Available at: https://australianmuseum.net.au/what-is-biodiversity [Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Cmd.act.gov.au. 2016. Overseeing Issues in the Workplace - ACTPS Employment Portal. [online] Available at: https://www.cmd.act.gov.au/business system/chiefs And-administrators/directors toolbox/issues-managment-in-the-working environment [Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Lobbyists.pmc.gov.au. 2016. Australian Government Lobbyists Register. [online] Available at: https://lobbyists.pmc.gov.au/[Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Morris, S.A., Bartkus, B.R., Glassman, M. also, Rhiel, G.S., 2013. Altruism and corporate notoriety: An exact investigation.Corporate Reputation Review,16(4), pp.285-299. Nollert, M., 2015. Transnational corporate ties: an outline of hypotheses and exact findings.Journal of World-Systems Research,11(2), pp.289-314. Nyberg, D. also, Wright, C., 2013. Corporate defilement of the earth: supportability as a procedure of compromise.The British diary of sociology,64(3), pp.405-424. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business morals: A partner and issues the executives approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Micro Baterial Morphology Lab

Bacterial Morphology Part 1: Viewing Prepared Slides of Common Bacterial Shapes Familiarize yourself with each morphological sort to use as a similar device for the rest of the movement. Record your perceptions. Section 2: Disinfecting Your Area to Use Live Organisms: Part 3: Viewing Live Organisms †Wet Mount Preparation There was a few single adaptable cell molded cells that differed in size. There were five to some degree darker zones that were round fit as a fiddle. There were additionally three huge, strangely molded zones that had particular edges. Section 4: Direct Staining: Slide One: There were two groups that were genuinely simple to recognize.All of the cells were cocci. A portion of the phones were enormous while others were for all intents and purposes nonexistent. Slide Two: There were various layers of cells. The cells were rectangular fit as a fiddle and changed in size. A core was noticeable in every cell. Slide Three: This slide was a blend of various shapes. No thing was unmistakable. Section 5: Indirect Staining: Chains of the two cocci and bracillus cells were both noticeable and recognizable. The chains shifted long. The cheek and yeast smear was more clear. Similar shapes were viewed as before just with more keen outlines.The cells were a lot simpler to see with more detail. Questions: A. What are the upsides of utilizing dye as a disinfectant? The burdens? The benefits of utilizing 70% liquor? The inconveniences? B. Rundown three reasons why you may decide to recolor a specific slide instead of view it as a wet mount. C. Characterize the accompanying terms: †¢Chromophore: †¢Acidic Dye: †¢Basic Dye: D. What is the contrast among immediate and aberrant recoloring? E. What is heat fixing? F. For what reason is it important to guarantee that your examples are totally air dried preceding warmth fixing? G.Describe what you saw in your plaque smear wet mount, direct recolored slide, and in a roundabout way recolored slide. Wha t were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? H. Depict what you saw in your cheek smear wet mount, direct recolored slide, and by implication recolored slide. What were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? I. Portray what you saw in your yeast wet mount, direct recolored slide, and in a roundabout way recolored slide. What were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? J. Were the cell types the equivalent in each of the three example sets: yeast, plaque, and cheek? How were they comparative? How were they unique?

Picking The Right Perfume Essay Topics

Picking The Right Perfume Essay TopicsThere are some perfume essay topics you can use to explore your own interest. Many people find themselves interested in reading about men's fragrances and buying them for their men friends. Others just like to know what perfumes people smell like when they visit their local department store. Whichever topic you choose, you should be prepared to have a lot of fun with it.For example, you can start with the basics of perfume and some of the basics of perfume essay topics you can use. For example, did you know that oil perfume is made by placing one or more base fragrances under water? Of course, that is true. Most fragrance oils are actually only in spray form, which makes it easy to use a bottle of perfume.Perfume is also a category of fragrances. There are dozens of different types of perfume, ranging from citrus to woody. Some people have said that some fragrance oils are really in essence, which means that they cannot be sprayed onto the skin o r other surfaces. For example, in the Persian and Indian subcontinent, the word essence simply means water and is used to describe fragrances.Perfume is known as one of the oldest forms of scent. In fact, when you sniff some you will find that it is close to tears and sweat. It is a way for us to connect with our immediate environment. We will often experience a sensation of being close to a particular scent or emotion.Perfume essay topics can often be on the scent because this is one of the most popular things to read about. You can then try to connect the scent to your life or personality. This connection will be revealed through the two senses of sight and touch. By knowing how the fragrance is used in the world around you, you can develop a relationship with it.It is very important to keep in mind that perfume essay topics should not be too heavy, as this can lead to boredom. You should try to explore some of the main features of the scent, but also look at some of the common ty pes. This way, you can begin to understand why certain scents are considered classic, even if others are not.Next, you should be aware of why you are learning about scent. You should be keen to know what your topic is all about and why you are writing the essay. Of course, you can continue to research this subject to make sure you understand everything.If you do your homework and give yourself time to learn about perfume essay topics, you will end up feeling much more knowledgeable and accomplished. You can be proud of your own efforts and are likely to see yourself writing many more. Enjoy the journey!

Characteristics of The Antagonist - Literature Essay Samples

An antagonist is essential to any story. Establishing a clear â€Å"bad guy† gives the story more emotion, uniting the reader with the protagonist(s) against a common enemy that is easy to hate. Every story has an antagonist, but only some are evil. The qualifications to be considered evil are much more extreme; one must be completely heartless and indifferent to the harm they cause others, perhaps even enjoy it. Sometimes, a character may be considered evil that isn’t even the antagonist. Michael Corleone of Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather trilogy is an example of this. Whether Michael is evil or not depends on who you ask. There’s a case to be made that he is evil, as he is a mafia boss, making a living off organized crime and ordering murders. Perhaps the best evidence to support this is one of the final scenes of The Godfather Part II, where Michael has his brother Fredo executed. He does have a reason for this, as Fredo betrays the family earlier in the movie, but many view this reaction as unwarranted and truly evil. This is a fair argument, but Michael simply does not have the mind of an evil man. As terrible as the things he does are, he does them for the sake of his family, to provide for and protect them. His immoral strategies makes him a sinner, but since he acts with good intentions, Michael is not evil. Analyzations like this can be done with any character. The antagonists of Othello, Paradise Lost, and A Picture of Dorian Gray all have varying levels of evil, which can be determined through discussion of their motives, strategies, and goals. Evil consists of a few core components. Lust, greed, pride, and all the other basic sins of man collectively make up all evil and wrong in the world. In Shakespeare’s drama Othello, audiences are able to suspect the evil within Iago before he even reveals his malicious intentions, by observing his jealous nature. The play’s opening scene features Iago ranting on how he hates his superior, Othello, for promoting Cassio, another soldier, to serve as lieutenant in his place. He reflects on this setback, saying, â€Å"But he, sir, had th’ election†¦ must be beleed and calmed By debtor and creditor† (I.I.28-33). Iago’s obsessive hatred of Othello for a purely professional decision, combined with his intense jealousy of Cassio, serves as a warning to viewers of the play that he is not a good man. Most readers of the play already suspect Iago’s sinister intentions after the first few passages of Othello. This suspicion is quickly verified. After Iago’s rant, Cassio asks him why he does not quit, since he is so frustrated with his current employment. Iago answers, telling Cassio he has a plan. Iago explains that â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him† (I.I.44). He describes himself as the kind of servant â€Å"Who, trimmed in forms and visages of duty, Keep yet their hearts attending on themselves† (I.I53-54). This is the first time in the play that Iago reveals his true intentions, consequently revealing the play’s antagonist. Iago has various motivations for his sabotage of Othello’s life. In the first act, Iago relays to Roderigo his frustration with Othello promoting Cassio over him. He describes how this has damaged his life, saying â€Å"This countercaster, He, in good time, must his lieutenant be, And I, God, bless the mark, his Moorship’s ancient† (I.I.33-35). Referencing this passage, Bryan Reynolds writes that â€Å"Iago’s motive is therefore revenge: revenge against the military general who did not promote him† (Reynolds 212). This is the first motive that audiences are provided for his behaviour. There’s also a personal reason that fuels Iago’s sinister actions. In act three, Othello is summoned to Cyprus for his military prowess. After he leaves, Iago launches into quite a revealing soliloquy. In addition to his desire for professional advancement, Iago discloses a personal grudge against Othello, describing how â€Å"it is thought abroad that ’twixt my sheets’ Has done my office† (I.III.430-431). Iago’s suspicion Othello has slept with his wife adds revenge to the mix. Iago illustrates his cleverness throughout the entirety of Othello, particularly as an expert manipulator. He is able to inflame or cool Othello’s emotion at will, using insinuations to enrage Othello without ever directly saying anything upsetting. Here lies Iago’s true genius: he can incite Othello’s emotions by planting the suspicion in Othello’s mind that his comrade Cassio and his wife Desdemona are having an affair, without blatantly saying they are. After Iago has his wife steal Desdemona’s handkerchief, he uses it as evidence to support the idea of Desdemona and Cassio’s affair. John Gronbeck-Tedesco examines Iago’s persuasive dialogue, noting how â€Å"Iago still has not produced the handkerchief, but, by talking about it, he has earned Othellos belief nonetheless† (Gronbeck-Tedesco 267). Iago is such a master manipulator that he can convince Othello of Desdemona’s guilt based off of a piece of evidence that he h as only described to Othello. He also knows that after hearing this, Othello will immediately go to his wife for verification and ask her to show him the handkerchief. Since it has been stolen, Desdemona will fail to produce it and Othello will have no choice but to believe everything Iago has told him. This is genius. Because Othello will be going to Desdemona and asking for the handkerchief himself, it will feel like he found out about the affair on his own. This makes it much more believable, and creates a stronger belief in Othello’s head than if Iago had assisted him in his discovery more. Another strategy of Iago’s is reverse psychology. After he has gotten Othello suspicious and angry, he will pretend to defend Cassio. This is very clever because through this technique, Iago has made Othello angry at Cassio while making himself seem honest and reputable, like he is not trying to get Cassio in trouble. In act three, Iago is employing this tactic especially well, insinuating Cassio and Desdemona’s romantic involvement, when Othello asks him his opinion of what Cassio is up to. Iago responds, saying â€Å"I am not bound to that all slaves are free to. Utter my thoughts? Why, say they are vile and false† (III.III.140-141). By expressing resistance to share his opinion, it seems like Iago thinks Cassio is guilty but is afraid of saying it. Iago continues this strategy in the next act. The first scene of act four opens with Othello and Iago having a conversation on whether certain actions count as infidelity for a married woman. Iago says that a marrie d woman laying naked with another man is not sinful, if they do not have sex. Othello responds, exclaiming â€Å"Naked in bed, Iago, and not mean harm!† (IV.I.5). This is exactly the thought that Iago intended for Othello to have: why would two people ever lie naked together for any other reason? Obviously this conversation is referencing Desdemona’s rumoured infidelity. Throughout the play, audiences should take note of how Iago tries to talk to Othello about Desdemona and Cassio as much as possible. This is because the more Othello thinks about the two as a couple, the angrier he becomes. Iago’s primary and most obvious goal in Othello is to have Michael Cassio fired or executed, so he can be Othello’s most trusted advisor. Iago also means to have Othello fired or imprisoned for murdering his wife and/or Cassio, actions that would be fueled by Iago’s insinuating that they are having an affair. Simply put, Iago wants to completely sabotage everyone’s life who is competition for him to achieve a prestigious military job. By destroying the competition, Iago carves himself a clear, easy path to success. Act two reveals an additional goal, when audiences learn that Iago suspects that Othello may have had an affair with his own wife, Emilia. Iago reflects on this, expressing â€Å"nothing can or shall content my soul Till I am evened with him, wife for wife† (II.I.320-321). The interesting thing about this is Iago does not even love his wife. They have a brutal, emotionless marriage, so one may wonder why it upsets him so much to think his wife may be unfaithful. This is because Iago is a prideful man, and sees Emilia as property. If he thinks Othello had sex with Emilia, Othello has stolen Iago’s property. For this reason he commits to sleeping with Desdemona. He is so prideful, and obsessed with never being wronged or bested, that he must get even with Othello, â€Å"wife for wife.† Evil is the main theme of â€Å"Paradise Lost.† Basically the entire poem is inspecting every aspect of evil: how it is born, what drives it, the different sins that compose it. Satan, more than any of the other demons, personifies evil. His evil even outstrips his own being, because all of his offspring developed into morally corrupt figures like him. In act two, Satan meets his daughter, Sin. Sin explains that when Satan was still an angel, he had a severe headache one day. Sin tells him his head burst into flames, and â€Å"a Goddess armd Out of thy head I sprung† (II. 757-758). Satan literally possesses so much evil that his body cannot contain it. Satan’s evil can, however, still be difficult to detect at times. In act nine, Satan roams the Garden of Eden as a snake, trying to corrupt Adam and Eve, the first man and woman of the human race. He attempts to convince Eve to eat fruit from the one tree that God has forbidden to her and Adam. After Satan eats som e of this fruit, he asks her â€Å"Shall that be shut to Man, which to the beast Is open?† (IX. 691). Satan’s comment should raise a red flag for Eve. She should be able to tell this snake is evil since he is appealing to her sense of pride to disobey God. Here Milton shows how evil preys on the pride of its victims, just as it can prey on greed and envy in other contexts. Satan, the antagonist of Homer’s epic poem â€Å"Paradise Lost,† does not rebel simply for a love of destruction. Unlike other evil villains, he provides motive for his sins. Homer reveals that Satan’s first sin, which is also first sin of all time, occurred when â€Å"his Pride had cast him out from Heavn,† referring to when Satan first waged war against God (I. 36-37). An angel at the time, Satan grew jealous of God’s power and Jesus’ status, and wasn’t satisfied with his rank as an angel. He was â€Å"aspiring to set himself in Glory above his Peers,† so Satan gathered an army of angels and attempted to rebel against God in his own kingdom of Heaven. God punished Satan and his followers by exiling them from Heaven and incarcerating them in Hell for eternity. Satan’s punishment â€Å"Reservd him to more wrath; for now the thought both of lost happiness and lasting pain† (I. 54-55). This time motivated more by a c raving for revenge than power, Satan wages his second war against God. Noam Reisner discusses Satan’s motive in his book â€Å"John Miltons Paradise Lost: A Reading Guide,† commenting on how â€Å"Satan, like Iago, is motivated by pure hatred† (Reisner 11). Homer writes him this way to make it clear to readers that he is the personification of evil, a metaphor for all sin. Because evil seeks to destroy, warfare often proves its favored strategy. Act 2 of â€Å"Paradise Lost† opens with a meeting of Satan’s entire army in their freshly built temple, Pandemonium. Just defeated by God, Satan has called a gathering of all the demons to discuss the possibility of a second attack. Moloch, an extremely aggressive, pro-war demon, speaks first. He criticizes the idea of accepting defeat and restraining from further attack, advising â€Å"let us rather choose armd with Hell flames and fury all at once.† Of course Moloch wants to continue to fight, but he makes an interesting suggestion that this time, they utilize the weapons of Hell. This is an intelligent strategy, as God’s army is likely not familiar with such warfare. Arnold Stein compares this idea to â€Å"the introduction of chemical warfare in World War I† (Stein 52). Later in the meeting, Beelzebub, Satan’s right hand man, delivers the most significant speech. H e reveals that God plans to create a new race, mankind, that he values even more than the angels. Beelzebub proposes that the demons, â€Å"By sudden onset†¦ To waste his whole creation, or possess All as our own† (II. 364-366). He wants to target God’s most prized possession, the human race, and either destroy them or gain them as allies against God. This is extremely clever. It would upset God more than anything else, which is what the demons are going for, and they could possibly build a stronger army. The demons all love the idea, agreeing to advance with this strategy. There is a pattern in the strategy of evil, in that it is relentless and barbaric, ignoring all rules and decencies and solely aiming to cause maximum damage. Satan has a few goals in â€Å"Paradise Lost,† and they can all be achieved through one feat: the defeat of God and the angels. When Beelzebub advocates targeting the human race, he appeals to Satan by informing him that the humans are â€Å"favourd more Of him who rules above† (II. 350-351). Believing that God favors mankind over the angels, Satan realizes that the elimination or corruption of mankind would devastate God, which gives him all the motivation he needs to do it. He sees this as a grand form of revenge for being cast out, in his mind, in favor of God’s other creation. Satan’s other goal is to rule the universe as the king of evil. He recognizes that he has lost all hope of ever being â€Å"good,† and decides that â€Å"Evil be thou my Good; by thee at least Divided Empire with Heavns King I hold By thee† (IV. 110-112). Like God is the authority of good, Satan wants to rule evil. He wants to attain the most prestigious position in the realm of sin. Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray lacks a truly evil character, unlike Othello or Paradise Lost. Lord Henry is the antagonist of the novel, which he demonstrates by displaying many â€Å"symptoms† of his poor character. A good examples come in how he behaves after breaking the news to Dorian about the death of his fiancee. Dorian is obviously devastated by this news, and Lord Henry offers no condolences. Instead, he becomes slightly annoyed at Dorian’s emotional state, telling him â€Å"Dorian, you mustnt let this thing get on your nerves† (Wilde 100). This lack of empathy is indicative of a disturbing level of insensitivity and self-centeredness. It makes it clear he is the â€Å"bad guy,† but this is not enough to determine him evil. Michael Patrick Gillespie makes an interesting point about Lord Henry, writing that he â€Å"does not reject ethics but rather seeks to redefine received opinions through an alternative system† (Gillespie 97). Chapter three perfectly illustrates this principle in the dinner party scene. The table is discussing philanthropy, when Lord Henry begins ranting on how he does not believe in charity, saying one should only focus on their blessings and â€Å"The less said about lifes sores, the better (Wilde 22). This is clearly a very selfish and unethical ideology, but Lord Henry cannot acknowledge this, for he has convinced himself it is reasonable. This makes him delusional and a bad person, but it does not make him evil. True evil is when one knows one is being sinful and destructive, and continues anyway. So while this is yet another indicator that he is the novel’s antagonist, it fails to support that true evil is present within the antagonist. Additionally, Terence Daws on points out how Lord Henry â€Å"never says a moral thing and never does a wrong thing† (Dawson). One who merely speaks sinisterly cannot be considered evil. Lord Henry is purely motivated by his own self-interest. Everything he does serves to make his life more pleasurable and superficially prestigious. Part of this endless quest for pleasure is an adoration for all things beautiful. He usually satisfies this obsession with art, but upon meeting Dorian Gray, Lord Henry is obsessed. He observes his beauty in creepy detail, noting his â€Å"finely curved scarlet lips† and â€Å"crisp gold hair† (Wilde 2). His weird infatuation with Dorian develops into even weirder intentions, when he states he wants to â€Å"make that wonderful spirit his own† in chapter three (Wilde 35). Lord Henry’s motive in socializing with Dorian is to dominate him, to own his beauty like one would own a beautiful painting. Lord Henry does not have much of a strategy to bring Dorian under his wing other than to simply be himself. He wins Dorian over the same way he wins everyone over: with his witty charm and charisma. Terence Dawson speculates that Lord Henry is meant to represent a side of the author, acting as â€Å"the carrier of Wildes extravagant personality and wit† (Dawson). This is illustrated during the dinner party scene. While giving his anti-charity lecture, Lord Henry starts to argue that one should not act philanthropically because to do so is to surrender to one’s emotion (sympathy). He instead says people should behave as scientifically as possible, stating â€Å"The advantage of emotions is they lead us astray, and the advantage of science is that it is not emotional† (Wilde 23). Here, Lord Henry takes his irrational, morally corrupt argument and sugarcoats it with fake logic. By defining philanthropy as nothing more than satisfying an urge, he has caused it to los e its nobility, and make it easier to criticize. The members of the table are drunk off Lord Henry’s charm, forgetting the true value of charity and accepting his alternate definition. Even though it completely contradicts the opinion they argued thirty seconds ago, they are delighted by his speech, telling him â€Å"You are really very comforting† (Wilde 23). Among these delighted guests is Dorian, who consequently becomes infatuated with Lord Henry. Through the simple tactic of charisma, Lord Henry seeks to win Dorian over. The purpose of Lord Henry’s unusual mentoring of Dorian is confusing. Through charm and wit, he aims to win him over, but it is not clear what this means. He explains his objective in chapter three, shortly after meeting Dorian. He reveals that he finds â€Å"something terribly enthralling in the exercise of influence† (Wilde 27). He continues, expressing how he loves â€Å"to project one’s soul in some gracious form,† in order to â€Å"hear one’s own intellectual views echoed back to one with all the added music of passion and youth† (Wilde 27). Lord Henry is so self-obsessed that he finds extreme pleasure in creating intellectual clones of himself. He lives vicariously through Dorian. He has the mind, and Dorian has the youth and beauty. So by instilling his personal philosophies into Dorian, he creates a man who is the best of both worlds (at least in Henry’s mind). Iago and Satan represent simple, absolute evil, while Michael Corleone and Lord Henry represent less demented, more round adversaries. It should be noted how similar the motives of the two evil characters are. Like Iago is fueled by anger at his lack of a promotion, Satan is unhappy with his level of authority in God’s kingdom. After he rebels against this, God throws him in hell. Furious with his punishment, Paradise Lost begins with Satan planning a second rebellion. This fighting to escape God’s punishment is very similar to Iago’s motive: both are dissatisfied with their superior’s decisions, and are driven by this. Michael and Lord Henry are not very similar other than their shared lack of an evil nature. All four of these characters are great antagonists, with their motives, strategies and goals personalized for the benefit of their respective story. Works Cited Reynolds, Bryan, and Joseph Fitzpatrick. â€Å"Venetian Ideology or Transversal Power? Iagos Motives and the Means by Which Othello Falls.† Othello: New Critical Essays, Routledge, 2002, pp. 212. Gronbeck-Tedesco, John. â€Å"Morality, Ethics, and The Failure of Love in Shakespeare’s Othello.† Othello: New Critical Essays, Routledge, 2002, pp. 267. Reisner, Noam. John Miltons Paradise Lost: A Reading Guide. Edinburgh University, 2011.Stein, Arnold. Answerable Style: Essays on Paradise Lost. University of Minnesota Press, 1953. Gillespie, Michael Patrick. The Picture of Dorian Gray: What the World Thinks Me. Twayne Publishers, 1995. Dawson, Terence. â€Å"Basil, Lord Henry, and Wilde: A Jungian Aproach to the Picture of Dorian Gray.† www.victorianweb.org.

Religion A Way Of Life - 946 Words

Religion: A Way of Life Religion is something weird to the general public however that was not the case during the fall of Rome and the rise of the Byzantine Empire. During that era religion was one of the few things that tied people together. Without religion the only thing keeping the people of Rome together was the government. Since Alexander the Great’s empire leading to the Byzantine Empire led to a mix of many culture and religions for the very first time. Greece and Rome believed in a set of Gods but the lands they conquered did not. The Eastern Roman Empire showed how one unique religion such as Christianity brought people of many different back grounds together. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led the people to people depending on Christianity. The text Arius, Letter to Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria and The Nicene Creed showed the public matter of Christianity. On the other hand the excerpt Augustine of Hippo, Confessions and The Life of St. Theodore o f Sykeon addresses the personal effect of Christianity, the private affairs. The point is that is that over the course of about 300 years Christianity has united the fallen people of Rome onto the Byzantine Empire, the transition from the private life to the public use of Christianity. Christianity when it first started to spread was debatable. People were capable of holding their own opinion of Christianity enabling them to refute the church. This was a private aspect of Christianity thatShow MoreRelatedReligion Is A Way Of Life Essay2254 Words   |  10 PagesTo a lame man â€Å"religion is a way of life† while to some â€Å"it’s a bold question that cannot be answered† but the oxford dictionary defines religion â€Å"as the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or god†. Religion to man has been known to be a great factor in the life of every individual. Irrespective of what religion you choose to practic e, the behaviour bindings of any religion is known to affect the lifestyle of its participants. In most cases the normsRead MoreReligion Is A Spiritual Way Of Life1266 Words   |  6 PagesReligion is a spiritual way of life that tells you how to act in this life and ultimately affects life after death. It is something that is completely faith-based because there is no way to prove whether or not it is real. It doesn’t matter what religion you choose to follow; it is imperative to have an understanding of other religions of the world. The knowledge of other religions gives you the understanding needed to not be afraid of the unknown. A great example of this is after 9-11, our countryRead MoreHinduism : A Very Interesting Religion And Way Of Life1487 Words   |  6 Pagesindeed a very interesting religion and way of life. Majority of people that follow Hinduism can be located in India and Nepal, where 80% regard themselves as Hindu. It is the world’s oldest religion b eing traced back to thousands of years ago. Hinduism is the third largest religion in the world, following Christianity and Islam, with 15% or about 900 million people following it globally. The word hinduism means â€Å"eternal spirit path†, where many come and hope that this religion will lead them to peaceRead MoreJudaism, Religion, Philosophy, Culture And Way Of Life Of The Jewish People1255 Words   |  6 PagesJudaism is one of the world’s oldest religions founded 3500 years ago in the Middle East and remains an important faith today. Judaism encompasses the religion, philosophy, culture and way of life of the Jewish people. The history of the Jewish people begins with Abraham. Abraham was the first to forsake polytheism and idol worshipping for the belief in one God. 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Durkheim defined religion as â€Å"a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden -- beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them.†1 Hence Durkheim’s emphasis is on the function of religion as a unifier of individualsRead MoreKarl Marx and Emile Durkeim on Religion1280 Words   |  5 PagesThrough looking at Karl Marx’s application of religion as well as Emile Durkheim’s concepts of religion, it is shown that religion is an ideology that is seen throughout modern society. Although there are many different views surrounding religion, my main objective in this essay is to assess Marx’s claim that Religion is an ideology by focusing primarily on Marx and Durkheim’s views on religion. In order to establish religion as an ideology, we must start by looking at what makes something an ideologyRead MoreClifford Geertz s Definition Of Religion807 Words   |  4 PagesGeertz’s definition of religion is an accurate reflection of the basic tenet of religion. Geertz argues that religion is based solely on the concepts of symbols and the impacts that symbols have on the practitioners of the religion. Geertz demonstrates that symbols give a meaning to life. The symbols give practitioners something to hold onto at all times. Geertz’s definition of symbols and their impacts fits the use of symbols in many religious practices including the religions of the Huichol IndiansRead MoreThe Religion Of Islam And Islam1544 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause each religion competes demonstrating that their practices a re the true path to God. Religious tolerance is very important because followers should be free to choose their own religion. Some religions are tolerant of other religious groups, however, there are always disagreements because some religions use rituals of physical abuse that does not seem to correct to others. The honor killing in Islam, for example, causes hysteria and anger to other cultures. Over time, the view of religion is changing

Keynes’s Analysis of the Stock Market and Identifying the...

‘Keynes’s analysis in Chapter 12 of the General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money suggests that capitalism is inherently unstable due to its financial structure’. Discuss outlining Keynes’s analysis of the stock market and identifying the related policy conclusions he reaches. In Chapter 12 of the General Theory of Employment, John Maynard Keynes focused on examining the stock market and how it functions, in the sense of its structure and how it is affected by the behavior of investors because he believed the behavior of the stock market affects the aggregate demand, hence the rest of the economic system. He is most interested in the fluctuations of the rates of investments in the stock market that consequently affect†¦show more content†¦Keynes (1936, p155-56) describes the stock market using an analogy between professional investment and newspaper beauty contest: â€Å"Professional investment may be likened to those newspaper competitions in which the competitors have to pick out the six prettiest faces from a hundred photographs, the prize being awarded to the competitor whose choice most nearly corresponds to the average preferences of the competitors as a whole†¦It is not a case of choosing those which, to the best of one’s judg ment, are really the prettiest, nor even those which average opinion genuinely thinks the prettiest. We have reached the third degree where we devote our intelligence to anticipating what average opinion expects the average opinion to be. And there are some, I believe, who practice the fourth, fifth, and higher degrees.† The Stock Market decisions work based on conventional values too, where each is not concerned with determining the real stock value, but the market value the community will place on the stock, before everyone else does. Keynes observes some other features of this situation within the stock market. This type of liquidity not only leads to future fluctuations in physical asset investment, but also creates fluctuations of the daily profit on investments which further influences the market. One of the key themes Keynes observes is that there is plenty ofShow MoreRelatedGame Theory and Economic Analyst83847 Words   |  336 PagesGame Theory and Economic Analysis Game Theory and Economic Analysis presents the wide range of current contributions of game theory to economics. The chapters fall broadly into two categories. Some lay out in a jargon-free manner a particular branch of the theory, the evolution of one of its concepts, or a problem that runs through its development. Others are original pieces of work that are signiï ¬ cant to game theory as a whole. After taking the reader through a concise history of game

Sociology of Education - 1597 Words

Sociology of Education This assignment will compare and contrast competing theoretical perspectives on education process. Functionalism, Marxism and interactionist theories will be included. The definition of education is that it is a process or the act of gaining or teaching general knowledge; it is an act that assists in the development of reasoning as well as judgement and generally preparing oneself or others the intellectuality for mature life. Functionalism in essence deduces each part of society in terms of how it adds to the constancy of the society as a whole. It is therefore agreed that society is more than just the sum of its constituent. Each fraction has a role to play in guarantying that the whole society remains steady. The role of education for society as a whole in particular its contribution to maintaining social stability through the development of value consensus, social harmony and cohesion: it examines the links between education and other social intuitions such as the family and the work place. Education allows people to meet a key function requirement by educating the new generations the culture, central and core values of society. This is achievable through the actual subjects learnt at school and the hidden curriculum. Also it provides a connection between the particularistic value and ascribed status of the family and the universalistic values and achieved status of industrial society. Browne (2006) cited Durkheim who argued that schools are aShow MoreRelatedSociology : Sociology Of Education1095 Words   |  5 Pages Zhenwen Li Sociology 215: Sociology of Education Monday Wednesday 5:00 pm – 6:15 pm Instructor: Dr. Ryan C. Sperry Inequality on education The Decision from case, Brown vs. Board of Education, which protested against segregation due to race on education. It has been more than 60 years after the case, Brown vs. Board of Education. However, the unequal and separation still exists among races on education. It was still expected the inequality would decline in 10 years and the numbers of multi-Read MoreSocial Perspectives On Education And The Sociology Of Education1273 Words   |  6 PagesPerspectives in Education Assessment 2 - Essay TANUWIJAYA, Wirya Z3483970 Why is it important and/or helpful for initial teacher educators such as yourself, to learn about, and learn to use, ideas from the sociology of education? Social influences on educational outcomes and the social nature of education structures of the past and present exemplify how social institutions can affect education perceived by individuals. This can also be defined as the sociology of education; a study of education systemsRead MoreQuestions On Sociology Of Education Essay1539 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment 2: Sociology of Education 1 Submitted by: Bhawna Kapoor (M2014EE004) Systems of stratification in Indian Context Social stratification refers to a system by which categories of people in a society are ranked in a hierarchy. This hierarchy then shapes people’s identity and experiences, their relations with others, as well as their access to resources and opportunities. Social stratification is a society-wide system that unequally distributes social resources among categories of peopleRead MoreThe Historical Sociology Of Education1868 Words   |  8 Pagesargue that we already have the solution to both by taking propositions from two completely different time frames in history with the help of Stanford University’s professor David Labaree, whose primary area of scholarship is the historical sociology of education. 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Religious and Traditional Symbols in the Lottery by...

Religious and Traditional Symbols in the Lottery Religious groups encourage and enforce conformity of their social norms and beliefs upon their members. Religious traditions are usually passed on from parent to child at an early age. In â€Å"The Lottery,† Shirley Jackson reveals the tradition of the lottery and how all of the villagers conform to the ritual of a human sacrifice. Growing up with an exceptionally religious father I can relate to way of thinking of the villagers that traditions are accepted without questioning. In â€Å"The lottery,† the children were stuffing their pockets with stones before all of the parents had arrived, â€Å" Bobby Martin had already stuffed his pockets full of stones, and the other boys soon followed his†¦show more content†¦Luckily my mother disagreed with the whole idea and the television remained . Even though my mother had not been a true believer in the church she had always gone along with my father’s traditions for fear of being a disappointment to the church. But when it was her turn to suffer and to not be able to watch her favorite soaps she didn’t look at the situation in the same way. This was the case with Mrs. Hutchinson in â€Å"The lottery,† she had not seen any crime in the annual stoning until it had directly affected her, â€Å" Tessie Hutchison was in the center of a cleared space by now, and she held her hands out desperately as the villagers moved in on her. â€Å"It isn’t fair,† she said† (534).The act of the annual lottery can be seen as a religious sacrificing, such as the human sacrificing to the Gods in ancient times and also the crucifixion of Jesus Christ that allowed mankind to be forgiven for their sins. My father’s religion strongly believes in personal salvation. They force their ideals upon others and they point out the sinful behaviors of society. All of my father’s church traditions seem to allow the members to believe that they are being separated from what they perceive as evil. In both â€Å"The lottery† and my father’s religion the theme that I believe that is best represented is the fear of change. The tradition of the lottery is so firmly established that no one in the village had ever questionedShow MoreRelatedThe Shock Value Of Jackson974 Words   |  4 PagesThe shock value of Jackson in The Lottery is not only widely known, but it is widely felt. Her writing style effectively allows the reader to pass a judgment on themselves and the society in which they live. Also In The Lottery Jackson is making a comparison to human nature. It is prominent in all human civilizations to take a chance as a source of entertainment and in this chance taken in the lottery, something is both won and lost. The Lottery by Shirley Jackson, is a short story about an annualRead MoreThe Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas Analysis876 Words   |  4 PagesOmelas† by Ursula K. Le Guin and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson address the theme of religi ous and traditional symbolism.† The Lottery† demonstrates how something that seems so perfect on the outside isn’t all that great on the inside. Symbolism shows the reader that there is a deeper message within the diction. â€Å"The Lottery† addresses the theme more successfully than â€Å"The Ones Who Walked Away from the Omelas† with the greater use of religious and traditional symbolism. The symbolisms in â€Å"The OnesRead MoreThe Unexpected Surprise of Violence1009 Words   |  5 Pagesvalued once risks are taken, but the outcome is never expected. Shirley Jackson, reader of witchcraft books, horrifies people with her perspective on the understanding of merciless rituals that kept communities at ease. Shirley Jackson develops her theme of unexpected violence in her short story â€Å"The Lottery† through the use of irony, symbolism, and denouement. On a summer day in a small town in the short story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Jackson takes advantage of the peaceful environment and adds a convolutedRead MoreOne of Americas Best and Most Controversial Short Stories, The Lottery by Shirley Jackson966 Words   |  4 Pagesover 2 hours the villagers gathered around the town’s square awaiting the results to the annual lottery. â€Å"The Lottery† was written by Shirley Jackson in 1948 and became one of America’s best and most controversial short stories. In â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson expressed her opinion on society’s resistance to change and how people uphold traditions passed down through generations. At first in â€Å"The Lottery† the author makes it seem like this annual event is a very positive event in the village. TheRead MoreThe Lottery By Shirley Jackson868 Words   |  4 PagesThe Lottery by Shirley Jackson uses extensive symbols and metaphors. It is a short story which has been equally appreciated as well as rejected by audience. The main themes of this story are those of tradition and scapegoat. The story begins with the author informing the reader about the time the lottery is going to begin by using certain phrases like â€Å"tractors and taxes† (Jackson, 76). Furthermore, the writer narrates the dress of Mr. Summers to be a â€Å"clean white shirt and blue jeans† (Jackson 78)Read MoreIrony In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson1436 Words   |  6 PagesThe lottery was authored by a renowned and most celebrated literature icon among his peers during his time and beyond; one Shirley Jackson, and the text would be first published in 1948 the 26 of June (Jackson 110). The storyline is told following a literal trajectory of a cultural performance in a remote setting, known as the lottery. The author of this text describes a chain of themes in his work, and they include; tradition and customs, society and class, as well as family setups and hypocrisyRead MoreLuisaldo Mendiola. Professor Price. Engl 1302 Nt6. Research2132 Words   |  9 PagesLuisaldo Mendiola Professor Price ENGL 1302 NT6 Research Essay April 21, 2017 Tradition and the Sheep A Critical Analysis of Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery† Traditions are common part of culture and religion in the world today; almost everyone has a tradition that they follow. The traditions you practice can be new and only just have started with your generation or the generation before yours. The traditions could also have been old, spanning many generations before your generation and your parents’Read MoreHidden Symbols in The Lottery by Shirley Jackson1170 Words   |  5 Pagesshort story, â€Å"The Lottery†, Mrs. Hutchinson got picked for the lottery. The word â€Å"hutch† is another word for box, and she happened to have her life taken from her by a paper in a box. The odd, short story of â€Å"the Lottery† is a story that should be read by many people for any urge to find symbolic references or to just kick back and read an interesting story with a twist. The lottery seems like something you would love to win, but not in this twisted story! Winning this lottery is going to take yourRead MoreThe Lottery And The Rocking Horse Winner852 Words   |  4 Pagesfiguring out what is part of the missing puzzle. In The Lottery and The Rocking-Horse Winner, authors Shirley Jackson and D.H. Lawrence employ symbolism and allegory to demonstrate the underlining deeds of secrecy as well as allude to the fateful unknown in the characters’ lives. Authors Jackson and Lawrence use symbolism as a device to bring to light the cherished items that have a symbolic message for each individual. In The Lottery, the black box represented tradition for the townspeopleRead MoreSymbolism1922 Words   |  8 PagesMost symbols used in literature are objects used to represent other things or ideas. There are several ways to recognize symbolism in literature. One of common ways is the frequency an object or character is mentioned in a piece of literature. If it is mentioned often, it is probably important. (Jones) Another way in finding symbolism is used in describing an object. These are two methods that give clues that the writer wants you to infer something about a particular object. Shirley Jackson is the

Academic Essay Thesis Statement

Question: Write about theAcademic Essayfor Thesis Statement. Answer: We Never truly Identify who we are Because we are Constantly Shaped by our Surroundings From the earliest time of survival, human individual have found the need to stay sensitive to their individual surroundings in order to survive. Therefore, it can be said that every human being has the innate awareness regarding their individual surrounding or environment and they seek out their individual environment with particular qualities. In this context, it is required to mention that one of the predominant needs of human beings is to acquire a safe and secure surrounding or environment and hence they constantly attempts to look for those attributes in their individual surrounding. However, an individuals surrounding is responsible for facilitating interaction between the individual with others, influence the behavior and impact on the cognitive aspects. The thesis statement of the following essay is to justify that people can never properly identify their proper identity because they are constantly shaped by their individual surroundings. To establish the statement, a brief paper will be made referring to the contexts of Gattaca, The Kite runner, Skin and The interpreter of Maladies. Firstly, it should be considered that environment is responsible for facilitating as well as discouraging an individuals interaction or behavior with others in a society. It can be also said that the external environment influences a persons motivation to act or behave in a particular society. Social disorders such as social violence and discrimination can hinder a human individuals cognitive as well as physical growth (Augoustinos et al. 2014). It can be said that a persons mental growth for making interaction with others and for making perception regarding their individual identity is determined by how the person is treated in his/her social surrounding. This can be seen in the character like Amir from The Kite Runner who despite witnessing a heinous crime with his closest friend Hassan kept his mouth shut in order to gain appreciation from his father. His social surrounding which has forced him to perceive that he is a weak individual who should get his fathers appreciation at an y cost (Blizek 2016). Similarly, the character of Vincent from the movie Gattaca portrays the truth that the external surrounding of an individual decides the way an individual forms him/herself and thereafter consequently their act with others changes (Brzozowski 2016). Being aware of the genetic weakness, Vincent constantly utilizes Jeromes genetic samples in order to present himself potential and thereafter acts in a way that indicates that he is capable of working for Gattaca and acts with other through his false genetic identity. Therefore, it can be said that environment plays a pivotal role in shaping an individuals behavior and perception about his/herself in the society. On the other hand, it should be also considered that external surrounding shapes individual perception about his/herself. More precisely, each person in the society starts to criticize or evaluate his or her individual self through the behavior the person gets from the society. At the same time, it can be also said that people identify their position in a society by the treatment of others. Considering the character of Sandra Laing in the movie Skin, it is evident that people make perception about their selves or about other through the way, the external surrounding or the society treats them. Throughout the movie, it seems that Sandras father treats her badly and disowns her considering her act of falling love with Petrus and eloping with her to get married an act of crime, as it seems ugly and unjustified for the society (Ferris 2015). Similarly, in the short story belonging to Jhumpa Lahiris The Blessed House from The interpreter of Maladies, it seems that Sanjeev could not stay c omfortable with the Christians, as her predominant social surrounding has made his skeptical about Christianity. His identity as a Hindu and strong perception about Hinduism indicates how social surrounding dominates perception about identity (Gautam 2015). Most significantly, change in the social surrounding is another determinant aspect for controlling a persons behavior as well as perception about his or her individual identity (Wells et al. 2016). For example, in Jhumpa Lahiris The Blessed House it seems that the Twinkle who instead of being a Hindu desires to display the Christian objects and consequently changes her attitude with her husband. On the other hand, in the movie Skin, it seems that the protagonist Sandra starts living by her own as she encounters vulgar behavior from her husband. She becomes stronger and completely forgets about her personality as a beloved wife of Petrus. Moreover, Amirs change of behavior in The Kite Runner when he moves in Canada with his father and his subsequent change while recognizing the truth about Hassans actual identity are proof of the fact that change in external surrounding drives significant change in the behavior of human individuals (Blizek 2016). From the above discourse, it can be deduced that social surrounding or external environment of an individual dominates the persons perception about him/her self. The above essay is indicative of the fact that social surrounding determines an individuals interaction and perception about individual self. Moreover, change in social surrounding changes a persons behavior and identical perception as well. References Augoustinos, M., Walker, I. and Donaghue, N., 2014.Social cognition: An integrated introduction. Sage. Blizek, W.L., 2016. The Kite Runner.Journal of Religion Film,11(2), p.10. Brzozowski, J., 2016. Science Fiction as a Springboard for Science Education. Ferris, F.S., 2015. A multisemiotic discourse analysis of race in apartheid South Africa: the case of Sandra Laing. Gautam, A., 2015. The Plural Self: A Comprehensive Exploration of the Effects of Hierarchy in Jhumpa Lahiris Interpreter of Maladies. Wells, N.M., Evans, G.W. and Cheek, K.A., 2016. Environmental psychology.Environmental Health: From Global to Local, p.203.

Hereditary Essay Example For Students

Hereditary Essay Introduction:My topic is hereditary. I have always been interested in genetics,and this is a large branch of genetics. In this report I also plan to speakabout evolution. I would like to learn more about what causes specifictraits and what the future might bring. Body:A person gets his or her traits from their parents. These traitsinclude everything from the persons sex to their mental abilities orproblems. These traits are hereditary because they are passed on throughgenes. They get these genes from their parents and grandparents. They mayinherit innate abilities of their parents, such as an affinity for music. Another factor in who you are is the environment you live in. Theenvironment you are in may affect how you develop. For instance, if youhave a talent for music, but have no way to acquire instruments, then it isdoubtful that you will ever discover your talent with music. Physically,you may have great potential as a runner, but, if you do not get enough toeat, then it is doubtful that you will ever live up to your potential. Traits such as what you look like are inherited from your parents. Your potential is also inherited from your parents. Chromosomes contain theinformation of a persons potential height, potential strength againstdisease, and other physical characteristics. A human being has 23 pairs of chromosomes in every cell in his or herbody (except reproductive cells). If, during a stage of growth, a fetussomehow loses one of these chromosomes, the baby may die, or have a birthdefect. Since this error is written on their genes, they may pass it on totheir children, who may or may not have anything wrong with them. The way a person looks, as I have stated, is hereditary. In humans,brown eyes are dominant. Thus, if a person with brown eyes and a recessiveblue eye gene were to marry someone with similar genes, it is most likelytheir children would have brown eyes. A chart is used to show thepossibilities:A diagram like that could be used to find out what the eyes of acouples children would be. The reason B is capitalized is because it is adominant trait, and the reason b is not capitalized is because it is arecessive trait. Thus the possible combinations are BB (25% chance), or pure brown eyes,Bb (50% chance), or a hybrid whose children may have blue eyes, or bb (25%chance), or pure blue eyes. There is a 75% chance that the child will havebrown eyes. The same chart may be used for a number of traits, but in higheranimals, such as humans, there are variations. For instance if a person whohas light brown eyes has a child with a person who has dark brown eyes, thechilds eyes are likely to be medium brown. The charts are still validthough, because not all traits are compatible. Recessive genes do not visibly show up when there is a dominant genepresent. A hybrid is a person who has both a dominant and recessive gene. Their appearance is that of a person who has no recessive gene, but theycarry the recessive gene, and it is possible their children will also. There are also times when there is a compromise. If two genes are bothdominant, the resulting offspring will have a blend of those genes. Forexample, a black rooster and a white hen mate, and the resulting offspringare gray. The same can be said for people. Genes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short. DNA isshaped like a double helix, and, through combinations of adenine, thymine,guanine, and cytosine, a gene is made. DNA determines who you are and whatyour potential is. .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .postImageUrl , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:hover , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:visited , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:active { border:0!important; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:active , .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9 .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u97c228de34664ca40b652bf2a3f410b9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Lottery Analysis EssayIt is a well-known fact that drugs and alcohol can damage the fetus. The drugs may damage chromosomes in the fetus, which may develop into adeformity, mental problems, or even addiction to the drug. It is alsopossible that a drug damaged the fathers sperm cells, which damagedinversely damaged the fetus. This information may be used for genetic engineering or crossbreeding. If a person where to crossbreed a type of cucumber that has agood resistance to disease, but tastes bad, and a cucumber with no immunitythat tastes good, you may get a good tasting disease resistance cucumber. Then again you may get disease prone bad tasting

Two Ways to Belong in America free essay sample

The importance of this Essay is that even though one sister fell into the â€Å"America Dream† she never lost who she was. She never lost her Indian background. Two sisters went to America, so that they can get a great education and also a great job. Even though they had the same idea coming to America, they both went different ways. These two sisters, they are exactly the same. They have some differences but then it starts happening when they get married. Mira gets married to an Indian man and Bharati gets married to an American man. Mira worked hard to make a living so that when she is ready to retire she has enough to move back to India. Bharati traveled around North America with her husband being an American citizen. Mira wasn’t a citizen and her boss wanted a labor certification, but she couldn’t provide it so she felt like she was being used. We will write a custom essay sample on Two Ways to Belong in America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mira paid her taxes, she loves America and she loves India. She believes that they should start the bill for immigrants who come into the country after the bill has been passed. I feel that Mira doesn’t have to be in love with the country but she puts enough dedication to the country that she wants to be a citizen so she doesn’t have to go back to India. In the end Bharati explains that her sister Mira is an example of a bigger issue that many people come to America on visa’s and when it’s over they want to stay because they think it’s a great place.

How to Use Interview Essay Conclusion Samples to Make a Positive Impact

How to Use Interview Essay Conclusion Samples to Make a Positive ImpactAn interview essay must have an appropriate ending and at the same time, a follow up conclusion. One does not want to leave the interview with the interviewer questioning his reasons for inviting him to the interview and of course, getting a negative impression about himself in the process. You need to understand how to use one sentence samples to make a positive impact.You will first need to know what to look for in a statement that will make an impact. The following are a few tips on what to look for. You need to find out why the interviewer is asking a question or if he wants you to have more information about the company you are working for. Also, is there anything about your job description that the interviewer is especially interested in?Perhaps it will be best to start by defining the main point of the essay. A good starting point for the essay is to state the main topic that the interviewer is looking for. If the interview is for a managerial position then you can state the main issue that the interviewer is looking for. If it is a position within the sales department then you will want to focus on selling yourself.After your point of view is established, you should now begin to state the specifics that will support it. There are many things that you can do and you need to think about each of them. Be specific about the problems you need to fix and then state what will make this possible.It is a given fact that in any call center position there will be human contact in which there will be delays in answering the phones. In order to fix these problems, you need to create a solution that will address the human problems. You need to talk about ways that will help solve the problems that callers are having.You can start off by creating a sample example scenario for the problem that the caller has. After you have done this then you can make a statement that describes the problem. Remember that the call center is only solving the problem for you and they may not actually know what the problem is.At this point you can ask some questions or you can focus on other aspects of your own case that are related to this problem. You can then give an example of what would happen if you did not get the results that you needed. You can also show how your solution will benefit the caller and how it can solve his or her problem. The final statement that you should end with is about what the reader will gain from reading the conclusion of your essay.You will want to make sure that the conclusion samples that you create are meaningful and interesting. Do not use them just for their impact but also for their impact. This will make a big difference in the whole effect of your essay.

How Insects Attract a Mate

How Insects Attract a Mate If youve spent any time watching insects, youve probably stumbled on a pair of lady beetles or flies joined together in the throes of love. When youre a lone bug in a big world, finding a partner of the same species and the opposite sex is not always that simple. So how do insects find a mate? Love at First Sight- Visual Signals Some insects begin their search for a sexual partner by looking for or giving visual cues or signals. Butterflies, flies, odonates, and luminous beetles use visual signals most often. In some butterfly species, males spend much of the afternoon patrolling for receptive females. Anything that looks like a female may be inspected, especially if the object is a desired color and floats like a butterfly, to borrow a phrase from Muhammed Ali. Many species of flies perch in a place that provides a clear view of the area. The fly sits, watching for any flying object that might be a female. If one appears, he quickly takes flight and makes contact. If his quarry is indeed a female of his own species, he escorts her to an appropriate place for mating- perhaps a leaf or a twig nearby. Fireflies may be the most famous insects that flirt using visual signals. Here, the female sends the signal to lure a male. She flashes her light in a specific code that tells passing males her species, her sex, and that she is interested in mating. A male will reply with his own signal. Both male and female continue to flash their lights until they have found each other. Serenades of Love- Auditory Signals If youve heard the chirp of a cricket or the song of a cicada, youve listened to insects calling for a mate. Most insects that make sounds do so for the purpose of mating, and males tend to be the crooners in species that use auditory signals. Insects that sing for a partner include Orthopterans, Hemipterans, and Coleopterans. The best-known singing insects must be the male periodical cicadas. Hundreds or even thousands of male cicadas congregate in an area after emerging and produce an ear-splitting chorus of song. The cicada chorus usually includes three different species, singing together. Remarkably, the females respond to the song and are able to find mates of the same species from within the chaotic choir. Male crickets rub their forewings together to produce a raspy and loud song. Once he lures a female close to him, his song changes to a softer courtship call. Mole crickets, which are ground dwellers, actually construct special entrance tunnels shaped like megaphones, from which they amplify their calls. Some insects simply tap on a hard surface to produce their love calls. The death-watch beetle, for example, bangs his noggin against the roof of his tunnel to attract a mate. These beetles feed on old wood, and the sound of his head tapping resonates through the wood. Love Is in the Air- Chemical Cues French naturalist Jean-Henri Fabre discovered the power of the insect sex pheromones quite by accident in the 1870s. Male peacock moths came flitting in the open windows of his laboratory, landing on the mesh cage of a female. He tried to fool the males by moving her cage to different locations, but the males always found their way back to her. As you might suspect from their plumose antennae, male moths search for suitable female mates by sensing sex pheromones in the air. The female cecropia moth emits a scent so powerful it attracts males from miles around. A male bumble bee uses pheromones to lure a female to a perch, where he can mate with her. The male flies along, marking plants with his perfume. Once he sets his traps, he patrols his territory waiting for a female to land on one of his perches. Unmated Japanese beetle females release a strong sex attractant, which quickly draws the attention of many males. Sometimes, so many male suitors appear at one time that they form a crowded cluster referred to as a beetle ball.

Locating Historical U.S. Deeds Online

Locating Historical U.S. Deeds Online The Bureau of Land Managements General Land Office records are a great online resource for U.S. genealogists researching homestead records, bounty land grants, and other records for ancestors who purchased or received land in the thirty federal or public land states. In the eastern United States, many state archives have made available at least a portion of original grants and patents online. These online land records are all wonderful resources, however they generally only provide information on first owners or purchasers of the land. The bulk of American land records are found in the form of deeds, or private land/property transfers between individuals and corporations (non-governments). The vast majority of deeds in the United States are recorded and maintained by the county, parish (Louisiana), or district (Alaska). In the New England states of Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Vermont, deeds are recorded at the town level. Due primarily to increased interest by title searchers for online access, as well as to help cut access/personnel costs in the future, many U.S. counties, especially in the eastern part of the country, have started putting their historical deed records online. The best place to begin your search for online historical deed records is the website of the Register of Deeds, or Clerk of Court, or whoever is in charge of recording deeds and other real estate records for your county/locality of interest. Salem, Massachusetts historic deed books 1-20 (1641-1709), for example, are available online from the Essex County Registry of Deeds. Thirty Pennsylvania counties have deeds available online (several going back to the time of county formation) through a system called Landex (fee for access). There are also other online sources for historical deed records, such as state archives and local historical societies. The Maryland State Archives is especially notable for its cooperative project to provide access to deeds and other land record instruments from across the state. Check out MDLandRec.net with searchable indexes and viewable volumes from Maryland counties dating back to the 1600s. The Georgia Virtual Vault, hosted by the Georgia State Archives, includes Chatham County, Georgia Deed Books 1785-1806. How to Find Historical Deeds Online Locate and browse the website of the local office in charge of recording property deeds. This might be the Register of Deeds, Recorder, Auditor, or County Clerk, depending on the particular locality. You can often locate these offices through a Google search ([county name] state deeds, or by going directly to the county government site and then drilling down to the appropriate department. If the county uses a third-party service to provide online access to historical deeds, they will generally include access information on the home page of the Register of Deeds. Explore FamilySearch. Search the user-supported FamilySearch Research Wiki for your locality of interest, preferably the government level at which deeds are recorded, to learn what deeds might be available and whether they may be available either online or on microfilm from FamilySearch. The FamilySearch Research Wiki often includes links to external resources with online records as well, and may include details on any poten tial loss of deed records due to fire, flood, etc. If FamilySearch has deed or other land records for your locality online, you can find this by browsing FamilySearch Historical Records. The Family History Library Catalog (browse this by location as well) includes information on any microfilmed deed records, and may link to the record set online at FamilySearch, if it has also been digitized. Investigate the holdings of state archives, local historical society and other historical repositories. In some areas, the state archives or other historical records repository hold either the originals or copies of older deed records, and some have placed these online. U.S. State Archives Online includes links to each U.S. State Archives website, along with information on digitized online records. Or try a Google search such as locality name historical deeds. Look for state-level finding aids. A Google search such as digital deeds [state name] or historical deeds [state name] may turn up helpful finding aids such as this collection on North Carolina Digital Records, which brings together information and links for each North Carolina county deeds office, including dates and coverage for available online digital deed records. Tips for Researching Historical Deeds Online Once you locate a deeds collection of interest, explore it thoroughly to be sure the actual records available match the stated description. County record offices are putting digitized deeds online so fast that the available online documents sometimes exceed the text description. For example, the online Document Retrieval System for Martin County, North Carolina, states that it includes Old Deed Books U (08/26/1866) thru XXXXX, however, if you manually enter the book and page numbers from the older books in the search box, you will find that the digitized deed books available online actually go back to 1774, the date of county formation. Understand what you are looking at before you give up. Researchers new to Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, research might move on after entering their ancestors name in the search box for Historical Deeds 1792–1857 and receiving no results. What they might not realize, however, is that this database, despite its misleading name, is a collection of documents recorded in deed books that described people who were involved in the slave trade in the early days of Allegheny County, and does not include all deeds recorded between 1792 and 1857. Take advantage of current property records, tax maps and plat maps. Edgecombe County, North Carolina, has their historical deed indexes online, but the actual deed books are available online only back to September 1973. However, in some cases the deeds of current property owners include information on previous owners going back several generations, including deed book and page references. This type of online research can be especially helpful when platting historical deeds or conducting other types of historical neighborhood reconstruction. The Edgecombe County GIS Maps database, for example, lets you select parcel locations on a map and view information on the neighbors, along with digital copies of the most recent deed record for that parcel.

War is Kind - Stephen Crane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

War is Kind - Stephen Crane - Essay Example War is Kind - Stephen Crane Corroborating this, the poet writes: â€Å"Great is the battle-god, great, and his kingdom-- A field where a thousand corpses lie†. This is the unending story of wars. The tone of the poem is sarcastic but it is not sarcasm alone but mixed with helplessness of the situation created by war. Apart from the material destruction caused by war which can be replenished, what can never be recouped are the loss of precious lives and the soldier leaves the memories of what has been and what never more will be for his immediate family members, acquaintances and the society at large. As such when the poet mentions that â€Å"war is kind† one must understand the hidden meaning of cruel kindness ingrained in the process of war. One death in the family is like the introduction of the muffled drum in the melodious symphony of an orchestra. The poet reveals this situation by introducing an element of sarcasm specifically in the lines fourteen through sixteen: â€Å"Raged at his breast, gulped and died, Do not weep. War is kind†. When two unrelated words or having contradictory connotations are employed together in structure, but they give a dissimilar meaning, it is a case of oxymoron. Some of the examples in this poem are: â€Å"virtue of slaughter†, â€Å"excellence of killing†, â€Å"splendid shroud†, â€Å"drill and die† and â€Å"blazing flag†. In this poem the poet has made the judicious use of oxymoron and the contrast is effective and likeable and the words the poet has placed together generate vivid meanings.

Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Doctrine of Promissory Estoppel - Essay Example This research tells that Amelia offered her nephew, Dan, two thousand pounds if he worked hard and got a second class degree, and her sister, Betti, five hundred pounds for errands. She also offered a two hundred fifty pound reduction of a loan she had given to Betti's husband, Giles. Giles pays the seven hundred and fifty pounds. Dan does very little work but does get a first-class degree. Amelia now wishes to know her obligations to Betti underneath this contract. The legal questions are 1. Does Dan's meeting of the second-class degree standard mean that that part of the contract is fulfilled? 2. Did the term â€Å"second-class degree† mean â€Å"at least a second-class degree† or â€Å"a second-class degree exclusively?† 3. Are the contract elements severable; that is, is Dan's possible fulfillment of the contract separate from Giles' clear fulfillment of his duties? 4. Does it make any difference that Giles, rather than Betti, paid the seven hundred and fifty pounds? 5. Can â€Å"work hard† be meaningfully quantified? Contract Interpretation The issues of the contract should be considered separately. They are 1. The offering of money to Dan for working hard and achieving a second-class degree. 2. The offering of money to Amelia for errands in the past. (However, it seems that the errands are moot: Whether Betti actually had done errands for Amelia or not, they are accepted by the contract as a matter of fact). 3. The offering of a two-hundred-fifty pound discount on a prior one thousand loan by Amelia to Giles. There are many elements to contracts even before considering the issues of estoppel and promissory consideration: Acceptance, offer, consideration, the contract being oral or written, the severability of various elements, etc. Consideration is a part of this contract, however: Both parties are offering something of value1. The family unit as a whole (Giles, Dan, and Betti) are clearly part of this contract, with Amelia bei ng the other party. For this reason, it is moot if Giles or Betti pays the seven hundred fifty pounds unless the contract specifically states otherwise. (This will, in turn, be dependent on whether the contract is verbal or written). Acceptance of the contract is an issue. Giles owed a thousand pounds. The only concrete sign on the part of Betti's family unit is the seven hundred fifty pounds Giles paid. Amelia can make a reasonable argument that she was accepting partial payment and that this was not a sign of acceptance. Similarly, Amelia paying Betti five hundred pounds could be considered as payment for a prior act, not a fulfillment of the contract. The only sign of acceptance of the contract that would not be prompted by other prior considerations between the two families would be Dan working hard and getting a second-class degree, only half of which was ever wholly completed. While Amelia did extend an offer, it is arguable that there was ever an acceptance. The acceptance is sue and the consideration issue are inextricable. Consideration â€Å"Consideration entails the parties' doing something that they were not previously bound to do outside of the agreement. In other words, promises must pay the price (consideration) that they agreed to pay the promisor in order to gain the right to enforce the promisor's obligation†. Giles was obliged to pay one thousand pounds; paying the seven hundred fifty pounds is not a consideration. Even if Betti had paid for it, she is obligated to pay the debts of her husband, as a unified family unit. But Giles did in fact pay, meaning that there had been no consideration prior.