Political Divorce--Russia essays

Saudi Oil and Global Economic

Saudi Arabia is one of the most evolved nations in the Arab world, after United Arab Emirates. The security of Saudi economy is exclusively reliant on its oil industry. This suggests the greater part of her riches has been earned from her exchange oil and other oil based commodities. This paper will concentrate on how the creation of oil can influence the world economy. This is a result of the considerable number of volumes delivered in the entire world; a large portion of it originates from this Arabian country.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Saudi Oil and Global Economic explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Yizraeli contends that there are numerous nations that produce oil, including the US and other European nations, yet the most elevated yield is gotten from Saudi Arabia (58). Before the oil emergency that occurred in 1973, the oil business was overwhelmed by western nations, yet when the emergency finished, Saudi Arabia profited the most on the grounds that it has exceptionally huge volumes of oil in its fields. The effects of oil creation in Saudi Arabia must be comprehended after one comprehends the significance of oil on the planet. Oil is a type of vitality that is utilized in many ventures to control types of gear, for example, in the agribusiness and transport parts. Actually, industrialization would not have been acknowledged without oil since it was the most solid wellspring of vitality in those days. Right now, the economy of Saudi Arabia depends on oil creation, yet an arrangement is in the pipeline to broaden this economy so that other monetary exercises, for example, horticulture will likewise be fused in the economy. One is left to think about whether this activity is important, taking into account that the volume of oil creation of Saudi Arabia has been on the upward pattern since 1997.With this idea at the top of the priority list the world anticipates that the economy should stay stable because of the expansion in oil creation (Cordesman 465). The previously mentioned activity has been actuated by the adjustments in the oil advertise where the oil is in danger of being supplanted by different wellsprings of vitality, for example, atomic and environmentally friendly power vitality. The need of creating elective wellspring of vitality has been provoked by universal bodies that contend that oil effectsly affects the condition that could cause an Earth-wide temperature boost because of the harmfulness of carbon dioxide that is transmitted during burning of oil items (Yizraeli 59). In light of ecological concerns, the world is now falling back on utilize environmentally friendly power vitality since it doesn't have any hurtful impacts on the earth. Moreover, environmentally friendly power vitality can never be depleted contrasted with oil stores. Notwithstanding, Mason declares that the move from the utilization of oil is a slow one and if Saudi Arabia was to lessen its investment in the oil exchange, there would be an exceptionally huge hole in the worldwide economy brought about by her activity. This is on the grounds that it is evaluated that 25% of oil saves are in Saudi Arabia and this is a major edge that can't be smothered by the other significant oil creating countries.Advertising Looking for exposition on business financial aspects? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The exit of Saudi Arabia from the oil market would make the worldwide economy decrease. This is because of the way that the gracefully of oil would be next to no contrasted with the regularly developing interest of vitality. This incident would make the cost of oil climb and just the nations that produce it in enormous volume would profit. Be that as it may, this situation is a long way from being experienced in light of the fact that its theorized that Saudi’s predominance of the oil market will end in future. This is on the grou nds that new oil stores have just been found in different nations, for example, Iraq and West African nations, for example, Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria (Yizraeli 59). In the event that the creation of oil was expanded because of development of new oil makers, the cost of oil on the planet would descend. This contention can be best clarified by examining the ideas of interest and gracefully, which are utilized to decide product costs. The expansion in oil creation would make ventures increment and consequently, the world economy would balance out. Over the most recent couple of decades, Saudi has kept on affecting the world economy by ordering the costs at which oil will be exchanged. Nonetheless, mechanical progression has reached end this period of Saudi sway in the oil showcase. This is on the grounds that in the past there was no solid innovation that could be utilized to find oil fields, however these days a similar innovation has been created to suit our requiremen ts; that is the reason more oil fields are being found each other day. Besides, absence of innovation ruined the investigation of oil fields, however innovation has just repaired that hole since it has made it conceivable to get to zones that couldn't be abused. Subsequently, there is decrease in the expense of extricating normal assets. Moreover, the western countries are the significant purchasers of oil and Saudi has adjusted itself to turn into the lasting provider of oil to these countries. Be that as it may, as indicated by Cordesman, this present position is liable to time in light of the fact that as more current wellsprings of oil keep on being found, the opposition for clients will solidify (465). It is sure that Saudi Arabia will free its predominance in the oil showcase, however then again, it will keep on being a compelling component in the worldwide economy. This is on the grounds that the new oil fields will require a great deal of time to build up themselves as depen dable oil sources in light of the fact that the greater part of these unexploited fields lie in war torn territories. The issue of weakness should be comprehended before hand to make a great situation for the mining procedure to commence.Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Saudi Oil and Global Economic explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There is a likelihood that the US won't be permitted to wander into the oil exchange Iraq and Iran because of the defects that exist between the three gatherings. This suggests different individuals from G8 nations should join their endeavors to separate oil from these two countries. In such a case Saudi Arabia oil will stay kept in the Asian mainland. Taking everything into account, Saudi Arabia should survey its oil costs for it to adapt to the rising patterns. Truth be told, the climb in oil costs is the thing that has prompted most countries to go for elective wellsprings of vitality. A great many people feel that the issue of contamination is the significant benefactor towards this move, yet this isn't accurate in light of the fact that most makers have ensured that their items that are controlled by oil based goods combust it to a greatness that lone limited quantities of carbon are radiated. Works Cited Cordesman, Anthony. Saudi Arabia Enters Twenty First Century. Westport: CT: Greenwood Publishing, 2003. Print. Artisan, Rowena. Saudi Arabia Worried High Prices Will Hit Global Economy. The Telegraph. 26 Apr. 2011. Web. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/account/oilprices/8473411/Saudi-Arabia-stressed high-oil-costs will-hit-worldwide economy.html Yizraeli, Sarah. â€Å"How Important is Saudi Oil?† The Middle East Quarterly 2.1 (2000): 57-64. Print. This exposition on Saudi Oil and Global Economic was composed and presented by client Sp1der-Ham to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; notwithstanding, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

Corporate Sustainability Management Management Preventative

Question: Depict about the Corporate Sustainability Management for Management Preventative. Answer: Week One Issue Management Issue the board is a protection, key administration practice in associations that causes them to recognize and counter suitably to rising patterns and changes. Associations make these strides remembering that these patterns and adjustments can whenever fit as a fiddle of an issue and posture dangers to or cause inconvenience for open and partners (Cmd.act.gov.au 2016). Linkage to reality: In 1994, Texacos six workers documented a claim against organization for racial separation. The organization rapidly gives an open conciliatory sentiment and suspended the perpretators. They even visited all branches and by and by apologized to all representatives. Emergency Management Emergency the executives is the way toward overseeing and taking care of abrupt and surprising occasions that emerges and upsets representatives in an association, just as outside partners. It gets ready people and the association to confront unanticipated turns of events and troublesome circumstances at the working environment with certainty and assurance. It likewise helps with modifying appropriately to the abrupt changes in the association (Alas and Gao 2012). Linkage to reality: Richard Bransons celebrated emergency the executives on the occasion of Virgin Galactics practice run crash is an unrivaled model. He raced to the accident site, demonstrated his sympathy, assurance on finding the basic reason for the occurrence and kept submitting completely to business air voyaging. Week Two Business Ethics The ethical standards, that immediate organizations and people in those organizations on the most proficient method to carry on, go under the domain of business morals. Business morals implies having the information to separate between what is correct and what's up and afterward making the correct move. At present, most organizations have their own business standards and strategies to set the basic beliefs and practices for the representatives to follow (Weiss 2014). Linkage to reality: Every one of our directors at office lead standard gatherings with colleagues to make them mindful about any unfortunate behavior they have told and the best way to determine that. Along these lines, everybody knows about how to carry on at the workplace, what's going on and what to keep away from. Models of Management Ethics The executives morals are of three kinds: Unethical administration a training without moral qualities and dynamic restriction to moral standards Moral administration a work on affirming to elevated expectations of moral direct Irreverent administration purposeful lead that doesn't mull over moral variables and accidental direct that is languid about moral behaviors at the working environment. Linkage to reality: At my work environment, a large portion of the chiefs and other senior level administration practice moral administration rehearses. They ensure their lead towards their subordinates or equivalents are moral and withstanding the standards of the association. Week Three Transnational Economy Transnational Economy is the articulation utilized for depicting the new loosened up commercial center. These business sectors go past national limits, includes people and organizations of various nationalities, and work development and capital stream happens globally. Current organizations are intrigued and endeavor to venture into created showcases and be a pioneer there (Nollert 2015). Linkage to reality: American combination General Electric is one of the greatest case of a transnational partnership. It holds the most resources abroad than some other firm on the planet practically 70% of its aggregate. The greater part of their work power works outside America. Debasement In an association, when the individuals who are in places of intensity like supervisors, carry on in a deceptive way, the lead is regarded as defilement. It incorporates giving or tolerating promptings or incompetent endowments, under-the-table arrangements, illegal tax avoidance and beguiling financial specialists. Various ventures experience various types of debasement (Nyberg and Wright 2013). Linkage to reality: Reports were discharged about the defilement pervasive in the Department of Immigration with regards to a few visa cases being overlooked, and many were at that point allowed visa without legitimate examination. Examinations uncovered accommodation of bogus capabilities or fake degrees from renowned colleges. Week Four Campaigning Campaigning is the demonstration of attempting to control business administrators and government pioneers into proposing, passing, making or changing enactments and doing exercises that would help a specific association, gathering, industry or a people interests. The Australian Government has a Lobbying Code of Conduct to guarantee straightforwardness, trustworthiness and genuineness (Lobbyists.pmc.gov.au 2016). Linkage to reality: In 2010, after Prime Minister Kevin Rudd reported that an asset duty would be actualized, a gigantic campaigning effort began to prevent the law from turning out to be law. Lobbyists were employed to develop the crusades. Hostile to burden repulsiveness stories were spilled to journalists and radio broadcasts. They did everything conceivable to stop section of the law. Alliance Building Alliance building is the procedure or demonstration of developing a temporary collusion or working together between gatherings (people, organizations, countries) for accomplishing a typical target or for taking part in a joint action. The development of these gatherings of comparable standards, interests and points licenses individuals to combine their advantages and transform into a substance more impressive than what they were separated from everyone else. Linkage to reality: In my organization, I have consistently observed occurrences of alliance working for any undertaking or any event or occasion. Consistently all the representatives partake in a between division rivalry, during Christmas, of designing our workspace in the most ideal manner conceivable. All the individuals mutually contribute with their individual thoughts and help in enrichments. Week Five Biodiversity Biodiversity is alluded to the assortment of every living being including various plants, creatures or microorganisms. It additionally involves the hereditary data these living bodies hold and the bionetwork they structure. It is commonly considered in three distinct manners hereditary decent variety, species assorted variety and bionetwork assorted variety. These three levels team up for crating the complexity of life on Earth (Australianmuseum.net.au 2016). Linkage to reality: As a person and a living body, I am a piece of the bionetwork. Each angle in my encompassing trade offs of types of various kind. At the point when I move into an alternate biological system the species variety changes, giving that our environment is quite various. Week Six Corporate Philanthropy Corporate generosity is the activity taken by an enterprise or a business for supporting the government assistance of others or foundations, for the most part with the guide of channels like assets or beneficent gifts, some of the time even with time and ability. The gifts are either taken care of straightforwardly by the enterprise or by any different establishment built up by the firm itself (Morris 2013). Linkage to reality: Apple Inc is a magnificent case of corporate generosity. Their CEO Tim Cook presented a coordinating blessing program. Consistently they coordinate endowments up to $10,000 contributed by full-time workers. They additionally offer a volunteer award program in which they give awards to on benefit associations for representatives to consistently chip in. References Too bad, R. furthermore, Gao, J., 2012. Prologue to Crisis Management. InCrisis Management in Chinese Organizations(pp. 1-8). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Australianmuseum.net.au. 2016. What is biodiversity? - Australian Museum. [online] Available at: https://australianmuseum.net.au/what-is-biodiversity [Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Cmd.act.gov.au. 2016. Overseeing Issues in the Workplace - ACTPS Employment Portal. [online] Available at: https://www.cmd.act.gov.au/business system/chiefs And-administrators/directors toolbox/issues-managment-in-the-working environment [Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Lobbyists.pmc.gov.au. 2016. Australian Government Lobbyists Register. [online] Available at: https://lobbyists.pmc.gov.au/[Accessed 1 Dec. 2016]. Morris, S.A., Bartkus, B.R., Glassman, M. also, Rhiel, G.S., 2013. Altruism and corporate notoriety: An exact investigation.Corporate Reputation Review,16(4), pp.285-299. Nollert, M., 2015. Transnational corporate ties: an outline of hypotheses and exact findings.Journal of World-Systems Research,11(2), pp.289-314. Nyberg, D. also, Wright, C., 2013. Corporate defilement of the earth: supportability as a procedure of compromise.The British diary of sociology,64(3), pp.405-424. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business morals: A partner and issues the executives approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Micro Baterial Morphology Lab

Bacterial Morphology Part 1: Viewing Prepared Slides of Common Bacterial Shapes Familiarize yourself with each morphological sort to use as a similar device for the rest of the movement. Record your perceptions. Section 2: Disinfecting Your Area to Use Live Organisms: Part 3: Viewing Live Organisms †Wet Mount Preparation There was a few single adaptable cell molded cells that differed in size. There were five to some degree darker zones that were round fit as a fiddle. There were additionally three huge, strangely molded zones that had particular edges. Section 4: Direct Staining: Slide One: There were two groups that were genuinely simple to recognize.All of the cells were cocci. A portion of the phones were enormous while others were for all intents and purposes nonexistent. Slide Two: There were various layers of cells. The cells were rectangular fit as a fiddle and changed in size. A core was noticeable in every cell. Slide Three: This slide was a blend of various shapes. No thing was unmistakable. Section 5: Indirect Staining: Chains of the two cocci and bracillus cells were both noticeable and recognizable. The chains shifted long. The cheek and yeast smear was more clear. Similar shapes were viewed as before just with more keen outlines.The cells were a lot simpler to see with more detail. Questions: A. What are the upsides of utilizing dye as a disinfectant? The burdens? The benefits of utilizing 70% liquor? The inconveniences? B. Rundown three reasons why you may decide to recolor a specific slide instead of view it as a wet mount. C. Characterize the accompanying terms: †¢Chromophore: †¢Acidic Dye: †¢Basic Dye: D. What is the contrast among immediate and aberrant recoloring? E. What is heat fixing? F. For what reason is it important to guarantee that your examples are totally air dried preceding warmth fixing? G.Describe what you saw in your plaque smear wet mount, direct recolored slide, and in a roundabout way recolored slide. Wha t were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? H. Depict what you saw in your cheek smear wet mount, direct recolored slide, and by implication recolored slide. What were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? I. Portray what you saw in your yeast wet mount, direct recolored slide, and in a roundabout way recolored slide. What were the similitudes? What were the distinctions? J. Were the cell types the equivalent in each of the three example sets: yeast, plaque, and cheek? How were they comparative? How were they unique?

Picking The Right Perfume Essay Topics

Picking The Right Perfume Essay TopicsThere are some perfume essay topics you can use to explore your own interest. Many people find themselves interested in reading about men's fragrances and buying them for their men friends. Others just like to know what perfumes people smell like when they visit their local department store. Whichever topic you choose, you should be prepared to have a lot of fun with it.For example, you can start with the basics of perfume and some of the basics of perfume essay topics you can use. For example, did you know that oil perfume is made by placing one or more base fragrances under water? Of course, that is true. Most fragrance oils are actually only in spray form, which makes it easy to use a bottle of perfume.Perfume is also a category of fragrances. There are dozens of different types of perfume, ranging from citrus to woody. Some people have said that some fragrance oils are really in essence, which means that they cannot be sprayed onto the skin o r other surfaces. For example, in the Persian and Indian subcontinent, the word essence simply means water and is used to describe fragrances.Perfume is known as one of the oldest forms of scent. In fact, when you sniff some you will find that it is close to tears and sweat. It is a way for us to connect with our immediate environment. We will often experience a sensation of being close to a particular scent or emotion.Perfume essay topics can often be on the scent because this is one of the most popular things to read about. You can then try to connect the scent to your life or personality. This connection will be revealed through the two senses of sight and touch. By knowing how the fragrance is used in the world around you, you can develop a relationship with it.It is very important to keep in mind that perfume essay topics should not be too heavy, as this can lead to boredom. You should try to explore some of the main features of the scent, but also look at some of the common ty pes. This way, you can begin to understand why certain scents are considered classic, even if others are not.Next, you should be aware of why you are learning about scent. You should be keen to know what your topic is all about and why you are writing the essay. Of course, you can continue to research this subject to make sure you understand everything.If you do your homework and give yourself time to learn about perfume essay topics, you will end up feeling much more knowledgeable and accomplished. You can be proud of your own efforts and are likely to see yourself writing many more. Enjoy the journey!

Characteristics of The Antagonist - Literature Essay Samples

An antagonist is essential to any story. Establishing a clear â€Å"bad guy† gives the story more emotion, uniting the reader with the protagonist(s) against a common enemy that is easy to hate. Every story has an antagonist, but only some are evil. The qualifications to be considered evil are much more extreme; one must be completely heartless and indifferent to the harm they cause others, perhaps even enjoy it. Sometimes, a character may be considered evil that isn’t even the antagonist. Michael Corleone of Francis Ford Coppola’s The Godfather trilogy is an example of this. Whether Michael is evil or not depends on who you ask. There’s a case to be made that he is evil, as he is a mafia boss, making a living off organized crime and ordering murders. Perhaps the best evidence to support this is one of the final scenes of The Godfather Part II, where Michael has his brother Fredo executed. He does have a reason for this, as Fredo betrays the family earlier in the movie, but many view this reaction as unwarranted and truly evil. This is a fair argument, but Michael simply does not have the mind of an evil man. As terrible as the things he does are, he does them for the sake of his family, to provide for and protect them. His immoral strategies makes him a sinner, but since he acts with good intentions, Michael is not evil. Analyzations like this can be done with any character. The antagonists of Othello, Paradise Lost, and A Picture of Dorian Gray all have varying levels of evil, which can be determined through discussion of their motives, strategies, and goals. Evil consists of a few core components. Lust, greed, pride, and all the other basic sins of man collectively make up all evil and wrong in the world. In Shakespeare’s drama Othello, audiences are able to suspect the evil within Iago before he even reveals his malicious intentions, by observing his jealous nature. The play’s opening scene features Iago ranting on how he hates his superior, Othello, for promoting Cassio, another soldier, to serve as lieutenant in his place. He reflects on this setback, saying, â€Å"But he, sir, had th’ election†¦ must be beleed and calmed By debtor and creditor† (I.I.28-33). Iago’s obsessive hatred of Othello for a purely professional decision, combined with his intense jealousy of Cassio, serves as a warning to viewers of the play that he is not a good man. Most readers of the play already suspect Iago’s sinister intentions after the first few passages of Othello. This suspicion is quickly verified. After Iago’s rant, Cassio asks him why he does not quit, since he is so frustrated with his current employment. Iago answers, telling Cassio he has a plan. Iago explains that â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him† (I.I.44). He describes himself as the kind of servant â€Å"Who, trimmed in forms and visages of duty, Keep yet their hearts attending on themselves† (I.I53-54). This is the first time in the play that Iago reveals his true intentions, consequently revealing the play’s antagonist. Iago has various motivations for his sabotage of Othello’s life. In the first act, Iago relays to Roderigo his frustration with Othello promoting Cassio over him. He describes how this has damaged his life, saying â€Å"This countercaster, He, in good time, must his lieutenant be, And I, God, bless the mark, his Moorship’s ancient† (I.I.33-35). Referencing this passage, Bryan Reynolds writes that â€Å"Iago’s motive is therefore revenge: revenge against the military general who did not promote him† (Reynolds 212). This is the first motive that audiences are provided for his behaviour. There’s also a personal reason that fuels Iago’s sinister actions. In act three, Othello is summoned to Cyprus for his military prowess. After he leaves, Iago launches into quite a revealing soliloquy. In addition to his desire for professional advancement, Iago discloses a personal grudge against Othello, describing how â€Å"it is thought abroad that ’twixt my sheets’ Has done my office† (I.III.430-431). Iago’s suspicion Othello has slept with his wife adds revenge to the mix. Iago illustrates his cleverness throughout the entirety of Othello, particularly as an expert manipulator. He is able to inflame or cool Othello’s emotion at will, using insinuations to enrage Othello without ever directly saying anything upsetting. Here lies Iago’s true genius: he can incite Othello’s emotions by planting the suspicion in Othello’s mind that his comrade Cassio and his wife Desdemona are having an affair, without blatantly saying they are. After Iago has his wife steal Desdemona’s handkerchief, he uses it as evidence to support the idea of Desdemona and Cassio’s affair. John Gronbeck-Tedesco examines Iago’s persuasive dialogue, noting how â€Å"Iago still has not produced the handkerchief, but, by talking about it, he has earned Othellos belief nonetheless† (Gronbeck-Tedesco 267). Iago is such a master manipulator that he can convince Othello of Desdemona’s guilt based off of a piece of evidence that he h as only described to Othello. He also knows that after hearing this, Othello will immediately go to his wife for verification and ask her to show him the handkerchief. Since it has been stolen, Desdemona will fail to produce it and Othello will have no choice but to believe everything Iago has told him. This is genius. Because Othello will be going to Desdemona and asking for the handkerchief himself, it will feel like he found out about the affair on his own. This makes it much more believable, and creates a stronger belief in Othello’s head than if Iago had assisted him in his discovery more. Another strategy of Iago’s is reverse psychology. After he has gotten Othello suspicious and angry, he will pretend to defend Cassio. This is very clever because through this technique, Iago has made Othello angry at Cassio while making himself seem honest and reputable, like he is not trying to get Cassio in trouble. In act three, Iago is employing this tactic especially well, insinuating Cassio and Desdemona’s romantic involvement, when Othello asks him his opinion of what Cassio is up to. Iago responds, saying â€Å"I am not bound to that all slaves are free to. Utter my thoughts? Why, say they are vile and false† (III.III.140-141). By expressing resistance to share his opinion, it seems like Iago thinks Cassio is guilty but is afraid of saying it. Iago continues this strategy in the next act. The first scene of act four opens with Othello and Iago having a conversation on whether certain actions count as infidelity for a married woman. Iago says that a marrie d woman laying naked with another man is not sinful, if they do not have sex. Othello responds, exclaiming â€Å"Naked in bed, Iago, and not mean harm!† (IV.I.5). This is exactly the thought that Iago intended for Othello to have: why would two people ever lie naked together for any other reason? Obviously this conversation is referencing Desdemona’s rumoured infidelity. Throughout the play, audiences should take note of how Iago tries to talk to Othello about Desdemona and Cassio as much as possible. This is because the more Othello thinks about the two as a couple, the angrier he becomes. Iago’s primary and most obvious goal in Othello is to have Michael Cassio fired or executed, so he can be Othello’s most trusted advisor. Iago also means to have Othello fired or imprisoned for murdering his wife and/or Cassio, actions that would be fueled by Iago’s insinuating that they are having an affair. Simply put, Iago wants to completely sabotage everyone’s life who is competition for him to achieve a prestigious military job. By destroying the competition, Iago carves himself a clear, easy path to success. Act two reveals an additional goal, when audiences learn that Iago suspects that Othello may have had an affair with his own wife, Emilia. Iago reflects on this, expressing â€Å"nothing can or shall content my soul Till I am evened with him, wife for wife† (II.I.320-321). The interesting thing about this is Iago does not even love his wife. They have a brutal, emotionless marriage, so one may wonder why it upsets him so much to think his wife may be unfaithful. This is because Iago is a prideful man, and sees Emilia as property. If he thinks Othello had sex with Emilia, Othello has stolen Iago’s property. For this reason he commits to sleeping with Desdemona. He is so prideful, and obsessed with never being wronged or bested, that he must get even with Othello, â€Å"wife for wife.† Evil is the main theme of â€Å"Paradise Lost.† Basically the entire poem is inspecting every aspect of evil: how it is born, what drives it, the different sins that compose it. Satan, more than any of the other demons, personifies evil. His evil even outstrips his own being, because all of his offspring developed into morally corrupt figures like him. In act two, Satan meets his daughter, Sin. Sin explains that when Satan was still an angel, he had a severe headache one day. Sin tells him his head burst into flames, and â€Å"a Goddess armd Out of thy head I sprung† (II. 757-758). Satan literally possesses so much evil that his body cannot contain it. Satan’s evil can, however, still be difficult to detect at times. In act nine, Satan roams the Garden of Eden as a snake, trying to corrupt Adam and Eve, the first man and woman of the human race. He attempts to convince Eve to eat fruit from the one tree that God has forbidden to her and Adam. After Satan eats som e of this fruit, he asks her â€Å"Shall that be shut to Man, which to the beast Is open?† (IX. 691). Satan’s comment should raise a red flag for Eve. She should be able to tell this snake is evil since he is appealing to her sense of pride to disobey God. Here Milton shows how evil preys on the pride of its victims, just as it can prey on greed and envy in other contexts. Satan, the antagonist of Homer’s epic poem â€Å"Paradise Lost,† does not rebel simply for a love of destruction. Unlike other evil villains, he provides motive for his sins. Homer reveals that Satan’s first sin, which is also first sin of all time, occurred when â€Å"his Pride had cast him out from Heavn,† referring to when Satan first waged war against God (I. 36-37). An angel at the time, Satan grew jealous of God’s power and Jesus’ status, and wasn’t satisfied with his rank as an angel. He was â€Å"aspiring to set himself in Glory above his Peers,† so Satan gathered an army of angels and attempted to rebel against God in his own kingdom of Heaven. God punished Satan and his followers by exiling them from Heaven and incarcerating them in Hell for eternity. Satan’s punishment â€Å"Reservd him to more wrath; for now the thought both of lost happiness and lasting pain† (I. 54-55). This time motivated more by a c raving for revenge than power, Satan wages his second war against God. Noam Reisner discusses Satan’s motive in his book â€Å"John Miltons Paradise Lost: A Reading Guide,† commenting on how â€Å"Satan, like Iago, is motivated by pure hatred† (Reisner 11). Homer writes him this way to make it clear to readers that he is the personification of evil, a metaphor for all sin. Because evil seeks to destroy, warfare often proves its favored strategy. Act 2 of â€Å"Paradise Lost† opens with a meeting of Satan’s entire army in their freshly built temple, Pandemonium. Just defeated by God, Satan has called a gathering of all the demons to discuss the possibility of a second attack. Moloch, an extremely aggressive, pro-war demon, speaks first. He criticizes the idea of accepting defeat and restraining from further attack, advising â€Å"let us rather choose armd with Hell flames and fury all at once.† Of course Moloch wants to continue to fight, but he makes an interesting suggestion that this time, they utilize the weapons of Hell. This is an intelligent strategy, as God’s army is likely not familiar with such warfare. Arnold Stein compares this idea to â€Å"the introduction of chemical warfare in World War I† (Stein 52). Later in the meeting, Beelzebub, Satan’s right hand man, delivers the most significant speech. H e reveals that God plans to create a new race, mankind, that he values even more than the angels. Beelzebub proposes that the demons, â€Å"By sudden onset†¦ To waste his whole creation, or possess All as our own† (II. 364-366). He wants to target God’s most prized possession, the human race, and either destroy them or gain them as allies against God. This is extremely clever. It would upset God more than anything else, which is what the demons are going for, and they could possibly build a stronger army. The demons all love the idea, agreeing to advance with this strategy. There is a pattern in the strategy of evil, in that it is relentless and barbaric, ignoring all rules and decencies and solely aiming to cause maximum damage. Satan has a few goals in â€Å"Paradise Lost,† and they can all be achieved through one feat: the defeat of God and the angels. When Beelzebub advocates targeting the human race, he appeals to Satan by informing him that the humans are â€Å"favourd more Of him who rules above† (II. 350-351). Believing that God favors mankind over the angels, Satan realizes that the elimination or corruption of mankind would devastate God, which gives him all the motivation he needs to do it. He sees this as a grand form of revenge for being cast out, in his mind, in favor of God’s other creation. Satan’s other goal is to rule the universe as the king of evil. He recognizes that he has lost all hope of ever being â€Å"good,† and decides that â€Å"Evil be thou my Good; by thee at least Divided Empire with Heavns King I hold By thee† (IV. 110-112). Like God is the authority of good, Satan wants to rule evil. He wants to attain the most prestigious position in the realm of sin. Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray lacks a truly evil character, unlike Othello or Paradise Lost. Lord Henry is the antagonist of the novel, which he demonstrates by displaying many â€Å"symptoms† of his poor character. A good examples come in how he behaves after breaking the news to Dorian about the death of his fiancee. Dorian is obviously devastated by this news, and Lord Henry offers no condolences. Instead, he becomes slightly annoyed at Dorian’s emotional state, telling him â€Å"Dorian, you mustnt let this thing get on your nerves† (Wilde 100). This lack of empathy is indicative of a disturbing level of insensitivity and self-centeredness. It makes it clear he is the â€Å"bad guy,† but this is not enough to determine him evil. Michael Patrick Gillespie makes an interesting point about Lord Henry, writing that he â€Å"does not reject ethics but rather seeks to redefine received opinions through an alternative system† (Gillespie 97). Chapter three perfectly illustrates this principle in the dinner party scene. The table is discussing philanthropy, when Lord Henry begins ranting on how he does not believe in charity, saying one should only focus on their blessings and â€Å"The less said about lifes sores, the better (Wilde 22). This is clearly a very selfish and unethical ideology, but Lord Henry cannot acknowledge this, for he has convinced himself it is reasonable. This makes him delusional and a bad person, but it does not make him evil. True evil is when one knows one is being sinful and destructive, and continues anyway. So while this is yet another indicator that he is the novel’s antagonist, it fails to support that true evil is present within the antagonist. Additionally, Terence Daws on points out how Lord Henry â€Å"never says a moral thing and never does a wrong thing† (Dawson). One who merely speaks sinisterly cannot be considered evil. Lord Henry is purely motivated by his own self-interest. Everything he does serves to make his life more pleasurable and superficially prestigious. Part of this endless quest for pleasure is an adoration for all things beautiful. He usually satisfies this obsession with art, but upon meeting Dorian Gray, Lord Henry is obsessed. He observes his beauty in creepy detail, noting his â€Å"finely curved scarlet lips† and â€Å"crisp gold hair† (Wilde 2). His weird infatuation with Dorian develops into even weirder intentions, when he states he wants to â€Å"make that wonderful spirit his own† in chapter three (Wilde 35). Lord Henry’s motive in socializing with Dorian is to dominate him, to own his beauty like one would own a beautiful painting. Lord Henry does not have much of a strategy to bring Dorian under his wing other than to simply be himself. He wins Dorian over the same way he wins everyone over: with his witty charm and charisma. Terence Dawson speculates that Lord Henry is meant to represent a side of the author, acting as â€Å"the carrier of Wildes extravagant personality and wit† (Dawson). This is illustrated during the dinner party scene. While giving his anti-charity lecture, Lord Henry starts to argue that one should not act philanthropically because to do so is to surrender to one’s emotion (sympathy). He instead says people should behave as scientifically as possible, stating â€Å"The advantage of emotions is they lead us astray, and the advantage of science is that it is not emotional† (Wilde 23). Here, Lord Henry takes his irrational, morally corrupt argument and sugarcoats it with fake logic. By defining philanthropy as nothing more than satisfying an urge, he has caused it to los e its nobility, and make it easier to criticize. The members of the table are drunk off Lord Henry’s charm, forgetting the true value of charity and accepting his alternate definition. Even though it completely contradicts the opinion they argued thirty seconds ago, they are delighted by his speech, telling him â€Å"You are really very comforting† (Wilde 23). Among these delighted guests is Dorian, who consequently becomes infatuated with Lord Henry. Through the simple tactic of charisma, Lord Henry seeks to win Dorian over. The purpose of Lord Henry’s unusual mentoring of Dorian is confusing. Through charm and wit, he aims to win him over, but it is not clear what this means. He explains his objective in chapter three, shortly after meeting Dorian. He reveals that he finds â€Å"something terribly enthralling in the exercise of influence† (Wilde 27). He continues, expressing how he loves â€Å"to project one’s soul in some gracious form,† in order to â€Å"hear one’s own intellectual views echoed back to one with all the added music of passion and youth† (Wilde 27). Lord Henry is so self-obsessed that he finds extreme pleasure in creating intellectual clones of himself. He lives vicariously through Dorian. He has the mind, and Dorian has the youth and beauty. So by instilling his personal philosophies into Dorian, he creates a man who is the best of both worlds (at least in Henry’s mind). Iago and Satan represent simple, absolute evil, while Michael Corleone and Lord Henry represent less demented, more round adversaries. It should be noted how similar the motives of the two evil characters are. Like Iago is fueled by anger at his lack of a promotion, Satan is unhappy with his level of authority in God’s kingdom. After he rebels against this, God throws him in hell. Furious with his punishment, Paradise Lost begins with Satan planning a second rebellion. This fighting to escape God’s punishment is very similar to Iago’s motive: both are dissatisfied with their superior’s decisions, and are driven by this. Michael and Lord Henry are not very similar other than their shared lack of an evil nature. All four of these characters are great antagonists, with their motives, strategies and goals personalized for the benefit of their respective story. Works Cited Reynolds, Bryan, and Joseph Fitzpatrick. â€Å"Venetian Ideology or Transversal Power? Iagos Motives and the Means by Which Othello Falls.† Othello: New Critical Essays, Routledge, 2002, pp. 212. Gronbeck-Tedesco, John. â€Å"Morality, Ethics, and The Failure of Love in Shakespeare’s Othello.† Othello: New Critical Essays, Routledge, 2002, pp. 267. Reisner, Noam. John Miltons Paradise Lost: A Reading Guide. Edinburgh University, 2011.Stein, Arnold. Answerable Style: Essays on Paradise Lost. University of Minnesota Press, 1953. Gillespie, Michael Patrick. The Picture of Dorian Gray: What the World Thinks Me. Twayne Publishers, 1995. Dawson, Terence. â€Å"Basil, Lord Henry, and Wilde: A Jungian Aproach to the Picture of Dorian Gray.† www.victorianweb.org.

Religion A Way Of Life - 946 Words

Religion: A Way of Life Religion is something weird to the general public however that was not the case during the fall of Rome and the rise of the Byzantine Empire. During that era religion was one of the few things that tied people together. Without religion the only thing keeping the people of Rome together was the government. Since Alexander the Great’s empire leading to the Byzantine Empire led to a mix of many culture and religions for the very first time. Greece and Rome believed in a set of Gods but the lands they conquered did not. The Eastern Roman Empire showed how one unique religion such as Christianity brought people of many different back grounds together. The fall of the Western Roman Empire led the people to people depending on Christianity. The text Arius, Letter to Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria and The Nicene Creed showed the public matter of Christianity. On the other hand the excerpt Augustine of Hippo, Confessions and The Life of St. Theodore o f Sykeon addresses the personal effect of Christianity, the private affairs. The point is that is that over the course of about 300 years Christianity has united the fallen people of Rome onto the Byzantine Empire, the transition from the private life to the public use of Christianity. Christianity when it first started to spread was debatable. People were capable of holding their own opinion of Christianity enabling them to refute the church. This was a private aspect of Christianity thatShow MoreRelatedReligion Is A Way Of Life Essay2254 Words   |  10 PagesTo a lame man â€Å"religion is a way of life† while to some â€Å"it’s a bold question that cannot be answered† but the oxford dictionary defines religion â€Å"as the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or god†. 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